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Stephan Kreutzer 《Annals of Pure and Applied Logic》2004,130(1-3):61-78
We study the relationship between least and inflationary fixed-point logic. In 1986, Gurevich and Shelah proved that in the restriction to finite structures, the two logics have the same expressive power. On infinite structures however, the question whether there is a formula in IFP not equivalent to any LFP-formula was left open.
In this paper, we answer the question negatively, i.e. we show that the two logics are equally expressive on arbitrary structures. We give a syntactic translation of IFP-formulae to LFP-formulae such that the two formulae are equivalent on all structures.
As a consequence of the proof we establish a close correspondence between the LFP-alternation hierarchy and the IFP-nesting depth hierarchy. We also show that the alternation hierarchy for IFP collapses to the first level, i.e. the complement of any inflationary fixed point is itself an inflationary fixed point. 相似文献
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Rodolphe Jazzar Dr. Julien Hitce Dr. Alice Renaudat Julien Sofack‐Kreutzer Olivier Baudoin Prof. Dr. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(9):2654-2672
Transition‐metal‐catalyzed C? H activation has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the functionalization of organic molecules. While many efforts have focused on the functionalization of arenes and heteroarenes by this strategy in the past two decades, much less research has been devoted to the activation of non‐acidic C? H bonds of alkyl groups. This Minireview highlights recent work in this area, with a particular emphasis on synthetically useful methods. 相似文献
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Stephen MT Hoke Gaoyang Liang A Irina Mutiu Julie Genereaux Christopher J Brandl 《BMC biochemistry》2007,8(1):16
Background
Spt7 is an integral component of the multi-subunit SAGA complex that is required for the expression of ~10% of yeast genes. Two forms of Spt7 have been identified, the second of which is truncated at its C-terminus and found in the SAGA-like (SLIK) complex. 相似文献4.
Henry Dring David Kreutzer Christoph Ritter Andreas Hilgeroth 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(1)
Despite the development of targeted therapies in cancer, the problem of multidrug resistance (MDR) is still unsolved. Most patients with metastatic cancer die from MDR. Transmembrane efflux pumps as the main cause of MDR have been addressed by developed inhibitors, but early inhibitors of the most prominent and longest known efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were disappointing. Those inhibitors have been used without knowledge about the expression of P-gp by the treated tumor. Therefore the use of inhibitors of transmembrane efflux pumps in clinical settings is reconsidered as a promising strategy in the case of the respective efflux pump expression. We discovered novel symmetric inhibitors of the symmetric efflux pump MRP4 encoded by the ABCC4 gene. MRP4 is involved in many kinds of cancer with resistance to anticancer drugs. All compounds showed better activities than the best known MRP4 inhibitor MK571 in an MRP4-overexpressing cell line assay, and the activities could be related to the various substitution patterns of aromatic residues within the symmetric molecular framework. One of the best compounds was demonstrated to overcome the MRP4-mediated resistance in the cell line model to restore the anticancer drug sensitivity as a proof of concept. 相似文献
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A. Spilker A. Stock H. Mallison P. H. Walker G. M. Green F. J. Nellensteyn J. C. M. Sauerbier E. Naumann W. Teuscher K. A. Hoepfner H. Metzger I. Ubaldini O. Mochi P. K. Breuer H. Broche J. Marcusson L. Vangasbecq W. P. Semljanitzyn H. Weber W. Littlejohn W. Thomas H. R. Berry E. H. Smith F. R. Lang H. A. J. Pieters J. K. Pfaff A. Kreutzer 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1933,92(9-10):392-400
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We present a high-throughput method to determine rapidly and simultaneously the solubility and the diffusivity of CO(2) in pure solvents and mixtures using segmented flow in a microchannel. Gas bubbles are injected via a T-junction into the liquid stream and the evolution of the bubbles' lengths are followed visually. We measure both solubility and diffusion coefficient from the shrinkage and expansion of the bubbles. The presented method is used to study the physical absorption of CO(2) in various pure solvents and to screen the complete composition space of binary and ternary mixtures. 相似文献
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Dynamics of the NbCl5‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Propylene Oxide and CO2: Assessing the Dual Role of the Nucleophilic Co‐Catalysts 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Valerio D'Elia Dr. Amylia A. Ghani Dr. Antoine Monassier Dr. Julien Sofack‐Kreutzer Dr. Jeremie D. A. Pelletier Dr. Markus Drees Dr. Sai V. C. Vummaleti Dr. Albert Poater Prof. Dr. Luigi Cavallo Dr. Mirza Cokoja Prof. Dr. Jean‐Marie Basset Prof. Dr. Fritz. E. Kühn 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(37):11870-11882
A mechanistic study on the synthesis of propylene carbonate (PC) from CO2 and propylene oxide (PO) catalyzed by NbCl5 and organic nucleophiles such as 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide (NBu4Br) is reported. A combination of in situ spectroscopic techniques and kinetic studies has been used to provide detailed insight into the reaction mechanism, the formation of intermediates, and interactions between the reaction partners. The results of DFT calculations support the experimental observations and allow us to propose a mechanism for this reaction. 相似文献
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