Dielectric properties and high-frequency conductivity of the sodium chloride-water system

An analysis has been performed of the dielectric characteristics and high-frequency (hf) electrical conductivity (EC) of aqueous solutions of NaCl. A method of the estimation of the static dielectric constant and of the time of dipole relaxation of concentrated aqueous solutions of NaCl in a wide range of concentrations and temperatures has been suggested. It has been shown that the limiting hf EC of the solutions and the hf EC at the frequency of 2455 MHz decrease with increasing salt concentration and differently change with increasing temperature: the limiting hf EC increases, whereas the hf EC at the frequency of 2455 MHz decreases. The decrease in the hf EC leads to a reduction of the rate of the hf heating of the NaCl solution with increasing salt concentration.     

The influence of the molecular weight of DMC polyethers on the physical-mechanical properties of PU materials based on them

This article describes synthesis of polyurethane (PU) elastomers based on DMC polyethers. The influence of the molecular weight of DMC polyethers on the strength characteristics and mechanical hysteresis of model PU composites based on them is studied. It is shown that, when the molecular weight of DMC polyethers changes in the range of 2000–4000, the strength of PU materials dramatically increases, while a considerable improvement of elastic properties is observed when using polyethers with MW = 8.000 or higher.     

(Mg,Ni)Ga2O4 Solid Solution with a Spinel Structure

Doklady Chemistry - The boundaries of Mg1 – xNixGa2O4 solid solutions (0 ≤ х ≤ 0.5) with a spinel structure synthesized by the gel combustion method,...     

Early Stage of Structural Changes and Molecular Dynamics of Cytochrome C in an Aqueous Solution Caused by the Addition of Methanol

Crystallography Reports - Molecular dynamics simulations of horse heart cytochrome C were performed in an aqueous solution and in a 50 : 50 water–methanol mixture. Three independent 100-ns...     

Spectral changes in stochastic light beams propagating in turbulent ocean

The behavior of the spectral composition of a typical stochastic beam in a turbulent ocean environ is revealed. The analysis is based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and the coherence theory in the space-frequency domain. The optical source is assumed to be of the Gaussian Schell-model type with a single narrow Gaussian spectral line in the visible region. Optical turbulence in the ocean is assumed to be driven by temperature and salinity fluctuations. It is found that the well-known source correlation-induced spectral shift is compensated by turbulence at sufficiently large distances.     

Generalized stokes parameters of random electromagnetic beams

A generalization of the Stokes parameters of a random electromagnetic beam is introduced. Unlike the usual Stokes parameters, which depend on one spatial variable, the generalized Stokes parameters, depend on two spatial variables. They obey precise laws of propagation, both in free space and in any linear medium, whether deterministic or random. With the help of the generalized Stokes parameters, the changes in the ordinary Stokes parameters upon propagation can be determined. Numerical examples of such changes are presented. The generalized Stokes parameters contain information not only about the polarization properties of the beam but also about its coherence properties. We illustrate this fact by expressing the degree of coherence of the electromagnetic beam in terms of one of the generalized Stokes parameters.     

The NUCLEON experiment: The current status

The main purpose of the NUCLEON experiment is direct measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic rays in the range 10¹¹–10¹⁵ eV with the use of the lightweight facility during a prolonged orbital flight. The energy is determined using a technique based on the measurement of the spatial density of secondary particles produced in the initial event of inelastic interaction. The schematic diagram of the NUCLEON facility, the current status of the project, the results of testing the prototype, and plans are presented.     

Rising seepage of a heavy liquid in a vertical cylinder

A formulation and solution of the problem of steady seepage in a vertical column when the liquid enters from below are given. The boundary conditions on the free surface are linearized by the transposition method. Expressions are obtained for the dispersion surface and the components of the seepage rate and pressure. A numerical analysis of the solution is carried out.     

Scattering-induced changes in the temporal coherence length and the pulse duration of a partially coherent plane-wave pulse

The scattering of a partially coherent plane-wave pulse on a Gaussian-correlated, quasi-homogeneous random medium is investigated. The analytical expressions for the temporal coherence length and the pulse duration of the scattered field are derived. We demonstrate that the scattering-induced changes in the temporal coherence length and the pulse duration may be used to determine the correlation function of the scattering potential of the medium.