Growth of NaBi（WO4）2 Dendrite and Mechanism

The solid-liquid interface motion of NaBi（WO4）2 （NBWO） melt crystal growth is observed in an in situ system, in which the whole processes of interface transition from fiat interface and cellular to dendrite are visualized. The spacing of the dendrite under smaller temperature gradient turns out to be larger than that under larger temperature gradient, which is found to be sensitive to the temperature distribution. The mechanism of dendrite growth of NBWO is studied based on the model of the growth units of anion coordination polyhedra. The { 001} face has two apex links, so it shows higher stability and has high growth rate and forms the arm of dendrite, whereas the {010} face has only one apex link, and thus shows relative slower growth rate and firstly forms the branches.     

Supramolecular Complexes of Diglycidyl Methylphosphonate with Calix[4]resorcinolarene

Various-composition supramolecular complexes of calix[4]resorcinolarene with diglycidyl methylphosphonate were synthesized in organic solvents. The products have well-defined melting points, they are cleaved by acetylation, but remain unchanged on treatment with triethylamine.     

High-power excimer laser systems

Two-high power excimer laser systems with square (25 × 25 cm) and circular (with a diameter of 40 cm) cross sections of the output laser beam are described. The first (second) system consists of four (five) excimer lasers. The experimental results on the generation of the high-quality high-power laser pulses are presented. Laser beams with a pulse duration of 1–250 ns, a divergence of 0.01 mrad, a spectral line width of 0.01 cm⁻¹, and a pulse energy of up to 330 J are obtained. Original Text ? Astro, Ltd., 2006.     

In Situ Observation of Skeletal Shape Transition during BaB2O4 Crystal Growth in High-Temperature Solution

The transition from a fiat solid-liquid interface to a skeletal shape during BaB2O4 （BBO） single crystal growth in Li2B4O7 flux is observed in real time by an optical high-temperature in-situ observation system. The movement of crystal step is also investigated. The observation results demonstrate that the steps propagate along and parallel to the fiat interface when the crystal size is small. Nevertheless, they will ‘bend＇ close to the face centre if the crystal size becomes greater. Atomic force microscopy reveals that more deposition places near the face centre give rise to the bending of advancing steps and thus the formation of a vicinal interface structure. Measurements of step velocity show that the velocity keeps nearly constant at different moments for one specific step, whereas the step on a newly formed layer advanced faster than that on a previously formed one when the crystal size is larger than 210μm or so. Thus interracial morphological instability occurs and a skeletal interface is obtained.