A simple technique to measure regional cerebral blood flow during intravascular balloon clamping

A case of giant internal carotid ophthalmic aneurysm was presented. In order to clarify whether the patient could tolerate carotid occlusion, a balloon clamping test was performed. before surgery. The cerebral blood flow was measured using early imaging by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with N-isopropyl-(iodine-123)-p-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP). When the balloon clamping test was performed the tracer was injected, and scanning was performed 35 minutes after removing the catheter. This tracer enabled a "memory of blood flow" during temporary ischemia to determine the character of quick diffusion and slow wash out, that could not be performed by other methods of cerebral blood flow measurement. SPECT with 123I-IMP can simplify the measurement of cerebral blood flow during the balloon clamping test.     

Studies on sialic acids. XIII. Isolation of 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosonic acid (KDN) from chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta

A method for analysis of 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosonic acid (KDN) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a strongly basic anion-exchange resin was developed. The method was applied to detect free KDN in water used to rinse of fertilized eggs of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta. Furthermore, KDN was isolated from the water as a fully protected derivative.     

Hypersurfaces in statistical manifolds

The condition for the curvature of a statistical manifold to admit a kind of standard hypersurface is given as a first step of the statistical submanifold theory. A complex version of the notion of statistical structures is also introduced.     

An intrinsic characterization of isometric pluriharmonic immersions with codimension one

We give an intrinsic characterization of isometric pluriharmonic immersions of Kähler manifolds into semi-Euclidean spaces with real codimension one, which is a generalization of the Ricci-Curbastro theorem.Research partly supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists, The Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan.     

High-efficiency longitudinally-pumped miniature Nd:YVO4 laser

We report on fundamental and intracavity frequency-doubled emission in a miniature Nd:YVO₄ (3×3×1 mm) laser. A maximum slope efficiency of η_s=58.6%, with optical efficiency of η₀=53.0% at 780 mW pump power was realized in a TEM₀₀ output beam. To obtain the optimum pump-beam focusing conditions we applied a new formalism in which the pump-beam propagation in the active medium was described by its M² factor. A good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results was observed. In second-harmonic regime, obtained by a KTP crystal, 230 mW green power that corresponds to 54% nonlinear conversion efficiency was reached.     

Effect of swirling flow on unburned ratio and nitrogen oxide concentration in a spray combustion system

The effect of swirling flow on the unburned ratio and NO concentration in exhausted gas was studied for slurry [coal-water mixture (CWM)] spray combustion with variations of swirl numbers. A numerical analysis for CWM combustion was performed for axisymmetric flow in a cylindrical geometry. First, to check the performance of three previous k-ε turbulence models modified with swirling flow, velocity components of isothermal swirling jets were measured by laser-Doppler anemometry (LDA) and compared with predicted results. The two modified models gave more reliable results than the conventional one. Next, as the swirl number could not be estimated by the angular momentum derived from the vane angle of the circular swirler, the reduction rate of the tangential momentum flux through the tube of the circular swirler was measured and calculated. Both measured and predicted results showed that when the swirl number S′ given by the vane angle was 2.0, the effective swirl number S_eff decreased by about 60% to S′. To take the results mentioned above into consideration, effects of swirl number on both the exhausted NO concentration and unburned ratio were investigated. The predicted unburned ratio showed good agreement with the experimental results. Both experimental and calculated results showed that the optimum operating conditions controlling the exhausted NO concentration and unburned ratio in this spray combustion system were obtained when the swirl number S_eff was about 0.5.     

Synthesis of pyranicin and its deoxygenated analogues and their inhibitory action with bovine heart mitochondrial complex I

Total synthesis of pyranicin and its deoxygenated analogues was achieved using Cl₂Pd(CH₃CN)₂ catalyzed diastereoselective cyclization of the allylic ester as the key step. The inhibitory activity of these compounds for mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) was poorer than those of ordinary mono-THF acetogenins such as annonacin.     

Studies on glycosylation of the mitomycins. Syntheses of 7-N-(4-O-glycosylphenyl)-9a-methoxymitosanes

Two new derivatives of glycosyl mitomycin C, 7-N-[4-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl and alpha-sialosyl)phenyl]-9a- methoxymitosanes, were synthesized, and their structures were elucidated by analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Field desorption mass spectrometry was successfully used for the confirmation of these structures. The cytotoxic, antibacterial, and antitumor activities of 7-N-(4-glycosylphenyl)-9a- methoxymitosanes were also examined.     

The Center Map of an Affine Immersion

We study the center map of an equiaffine immersion which is introduced using the equiaffine support function. The center map is a constant map if and only if the hypersurface is an equiaffine sphere. We investigate those immersions for which the center map is affine congruent with the original hypersurface. In terms of centroaffine geometry, we show that such hypersurfaces provide examples of hypersurfaces with vanishing centroaffine Tchebychev operator. We also characterize them in equiaffine differential geometry using a curvature condition involving the covariant derivative of the shape operator. From both approaches, assuming the dimension is 2 and the surface is definite, a complete classification follows. Received: May 24, 2006. Revised: July 26, 2006. Accepted: July 28, 2006.     

A highly efficient reaction of thiobenzophenone for 1-diazoalkene

9-(Diazomethylene)fluorene formed $\text{in situ}$ in the reaction of 9-(aminomethylidene)fluorene with n-butylnitrite, was successfully trapped by thiobenzophenone to afford 1,3,4-thiadiazoline derivative which was confirmed by spectroscopic and analytical data.