全文获取类型
收费全文 | 169篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 82篇 |
晶体学 | 1篇 |
力学 | 1篇 |
数学 | 30篇 |
物理学 | 56篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 3篇 |
2013年 | 15篇 |
2012年 | 3篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 3篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
1941年 | 1篇 |
1928年 | 2篇 |
1916年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有170条查询结果,搜索用时 578 毫秒
1.
2.
Frieder W. Lichtenthaler Jürgen Klotz Katsumi Nakamura 《Tetrahedron: Asymmetry》2003,14(24):3973-3986
The dimethyl esters of the 2,6-anhydro-3-deoxy-hept-2-enaric acids with
-xylo,
-lyxo,
-arabino,
-lyxo- and
-ribo-configuration were synthesized from
-galactose and
-mannose, respectively, and further characterized by their di-O-acetyl and di-O-benzoyl derivatives. Comparison of their physical data with those of Daucus carota derived products revealed (−)-daucic acid to have
-lyxo-configuration 46 rather than the previously assigned
-xylo stereochemistry 1. Dimethyl daucate 43 could be converted by acid-induced ring contraction and dehydration into naturally occurring (+)-osbeckic acid 47, thereby proving its (S)-configuration. Configurational identity in the pyranoid rings of (−)-daucic acid and KDO, together with available biosynthetic evidence on chelidonic acid 4, a leaf closing factor, suggests a joint, KDO 8-P-based pathway for their biosynthesis in plants. 相似文献
3.
E. Blasius K.-P. Janzen W. Adrian W. Klein H. Klotz H. Luxenburger E. Mernke V.B. Nguyen T. Nguyen-Tien R. Rausch J. Stockemer A. Toussaint 《Talanta》1980,27(2):127-141
Exchangers with cyclic polyethers as anchor groups have a large range of applications such as separations of cations with a common anion, of anions with a common cation, and of neutral organic compounds, and the determination of water by elution chromatography. Some crown ether monomers, especially 4- and 4,4′-alkyl-substituted benzo-derivatives are suitable for extractions and their adducts with heteropoly acids are used as liquid ion-exchangers. The exchangers are also applied in thin-layer chromatography and thin-layer electrophoresis. Furthermore the exchangers are successfully used in preparative chemistry, e.g., in salt conversions in order to isolate salts which are difficult to prepare by other means, in isolation and purification of organic compounds, and for anion activation in organic reactions. 相似文献
4.
Ultrasound was found to increase the rate of hydrolysis of a series of esters by up to 15%. No effect of molecular structure upon this enhancement was observed. 相似文献
5.
Using the level crossing technique the ratios and absolute values of the hyperfine structure (hfs) constants of the levelsz 4F9/2 andz 4F7/2 of the configuration 3d 74s4p of Co I were measured:z 4 F 9/2: ¦A¦=(811±12)MHz; ¦B¦=(48±93) MHz;B/A=?0.06±0.11 A>0; B<0z 4 F 7/2: ¦A¦ = (659 ±11)MHz; ¦B¦=(33±84)MHz;B/A=?0.05±0.13 A>0; B<0. In addition the hfs constants of three other excited levels of Co I could be determined by optical methods:z 4 F 9/2:A=525±26 MHz;B=200 MHzy 4 F 9/2:A=300±30 MHz;B=?500 MHzy 4 G 11/2:A=315±20 MHz;B=400 MHz. The experimental results are compared with known experimental and also with theoretical values which where calculated using the parametric potential method. 相似文献
6.
7.
Filipe E. Antunes Luís Alves Claudia Duarte Björn Lindman Björn Klotz Axel Böttcher 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(9):1368-1372
Physical properties of aqueous solutions of hydrophobically modified crosslinked polyacrylic acids change quite extensively as the polymer is charged up. A study is carried out concerning the similarities between two polymer ionization processes, that is, by pH increment and anionic surfactant addition. The two processes charge the polymer by distinctly different mechanisms. At sufficiently high pH the carboxylic groups of the polymer are virtually all ionized and the polymer is, therefore, fully charged. The effective repulsion among the charged groups due to the entropy of the counterions promotes an increased stiffness as well as an expansion of the polymer particles. We investigate here how the ionization and swelling will be if, instead of high pH, the polymer is at low pH conditions but associated to ionic surfactants. Surfactants associate to the polymer both in a noncooperative way by the binding of individual surfactant molecules and in a cooperative way as micelles since the polymer promotes surfactant self-assembly. This binding leads to a highly charged polymer-surfactant complex and leads to an osmotic swelling as well. The swelling and the gelation were monitored by rheology and dynamic light scattering, of polymer solutions by varying the pHs and adding ionic surfactants at low pH. The results show that ionization by surfactants and by pH lead to approximately the same gelation degree, as can be seen by similar viscosity values. Both processes result in dramatic viscosity increases, up to 8 orders of magnitude. More hydrophobic surfactants, with longer alkyl chain, are shown to be more efficient as enhancers of swelling and gelation. The network that is formed at high pH or at sufficiently high concentration of surfactant can be weakened or even disrupted if monovalent or divalent salts are added, demonstrating the role of counterion entropy. 相似文献
8.
Vesicle electrokinetic chromatography (VEKC) using vesicles synthesized from the oppositely charged surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium octyl sulfate (SOS) and from the double-chained anionic surfactant bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) was applied to the indirect measurement of octanol-water partition coefficients (log Po/w). A variety of small organic molecules with varying functional groups, pesticides, and organic acids were evaluated by correlating log Po/w and the logarithm of the retention factor (log k') and comparing the calibrations. A linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) analysis was conducted to describe the retention behavior of the vesicle systems and compared to that of octanol-water partitioning. The solute hydrogen bond donating behavior is slightly different with the vesicle interactions using CTAB-SOS vesicles as compared to the octanol-water partitioning model. The AOT vesicle and octanol-water partitioning systems showed similar partitioning characteristics. VEKC provides rapid separations for determinations of log Po/w in the range of 0.5 to 5 using CTAB-SOS vesicles and 0 to 5.5 using AOT vesicles. 相似文献
9.
10.