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Autocorrelation measurement of ultrashort uv laser pulses using non-phasematched second-harmonic generation from the surface of nonlinear crystals is described. The technique is demonstrated for wavelengths from 378–300 nm and pulse durations of 30 ps–300 fs. 相似文献
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Márcio AF Belo-Filho Franklina MB Toledo Bernardo Almada-Lobo 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》2014,65(11):1735-1747
Setup operations are significant in some production environments. It is mandatory that their production plans consider some features, as setup state conservation across periods through setup carryover and crossover. The modelling of setup crossover allows more flexible decisions and is essential for problems with long setup times. This paper proposes two models for the capacitated lot-sizing problem with backlogging and setup carryover and crossover. The first is in line with other models from the literature, whereas the second considers a disaggregated setup variable, which tracks the starting and completion times of the setup operation. This innovative approach permits a more compact formulation. Computational results show that the proposed models have outperformed other state-of-the-art formulation. 相似文献
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Harry J. Sterling Michael P. Daly Geoffrey K. Feld Katie L. Thoren Alexander F. Kintzer Bryan A. Krantz Evan R. Williams 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2010,21(10):1762-1774
The effects of two supercharging reagents, m-nitrobenzyl alcohol (m-NBA) and sulfolane, on the charge-state distributions and conformations of myoglobin ions formed by electrospray ionization
were investigated. Addition of 0.4% m-NBA to aqueous ammonium acetate solutions of myoglobin results in an increase in the maximum charge state from 9+ to 19+,
and an increase in the average charge state from 7.9+ to 11.7+, compared with solutions without m-NBA. The extent of supercharging with sulfolane on a per mole basis is lower than that with m-NBA, but comparable charging was obtained at higher concentration. Arrival time distributions obtained from traveling wave
ion mobility spectrometry show that the higher charge state ions that are formed with these supercharging reagents are significantly
more unfolded than lower charge state ions. Results from circular dichroism spectroscopy show that sulfolane can act as chemical
denaturant, destabilizing myoglobin by ∼1.5 kcal/mol/M at 25 °C. Because these supercharging reagents have low vapor pressures,
aqueous droplets are preferentially enriched in these reagents as evaporation occurs. Less evaporative cooling will occur
after the droplets are substantially enriched in the low volatility supercharging reagent, and the droplet temperature should
be higher compared with when these reagents are not present. Protein unfolding induced by chemical and/or thermal denaturation
in the electrospray droplet appears to be the primary origin of the enhanced charging observed for noncovalent protein complexes
formed from aqueous solutions that contain these supercharging reagents, although other factors almost certainly influence
the extent of charging as well. 相似文献
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Stability and convergence of the spectral Lagrange-Galerkin method for mixed periodic/non-periodic convection-dominated diffusion problems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present a convergence analysis of the spectral Lagrange-Galerkinmethod for mixed periodic/non-periodic convection-diffusionproblems. The scheme is unconditionally stable, independentof the diffusion coefficient, even in the case when numericalquadrature is used. The theoretical predictions are illustratedby a series of numerical experiments. For the periodic case,our results present a significant improvement on those givenby Süli & Ware (1991) SIAM J. Numer.Anal.28, 423-445). 相似文献
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