Electrolyte-as-Cathode Glow Discharge Emission and the Processes of Solution-to-Plasma Transport of Neutral and Charged Species

Emission from an atmospheric-pressure glow discharge with alkali metal chloride solutions used as the cathode was studied. The relation between the discharge emission and the cathode sputtering process leading to the transfer of solution components to the plasma zone was analyzed. It was assumed that the appearance of neutral alkali metal atoms and halogens in the plasma zone is due to the dissociation of halide molecules from a covalently bound state, since the transition to this state becomes possible as a result of excitation of sputtered molecules to high vibrational levels.     

Plasma-assisted oxidative degradation of organic dyes in solution by the joint action of underwater discharge and ozone

Data on the degradation kinetics of two organic dyes in a mixture by the action of electrical underwater discharges and ozone are presented. It has been found that the rate of degradation by the to combined treatment of the both dyes with face discharge and ozone is five times the sum of degradation rates expected on the assumption of the additive effect of each of these factors.     

The Use of a Novel Three-Electrode Impulse Underwater Discharge for the Synthesis of W-Mo Mixed Oxide Nanocomposites

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - The novel three-electrode underwater pulse discharge excited by two independent high-voltage sources was used for the synthesis of W-Mo mixed oxide...     

Transfer coefficients of cations and anions upon glow discharge-induced nonequilibrium vaporization of solutions of alkaline earth metal salts

Firing of atmospheric-pressure, electrolytic-cathode glow discharge leads to an effect that is similar to well-known cathode sputtering. This process can be called nonequilibrium vaporization of the solution. Unlike quasi-equilibrium vaporization, the nonequilibrium process entails the transfer of nonvolatile components of the solution to the gas phase. Previously, studying glow discharge with calcium and barium chloride solutions as the cathode, we have shown that the transfer of cations and anions via the nonequilibrium vaporization of the nonvolatile solutes is not necessarily stoichiometric [1].     

Double Electrical Layer at the Plasma‐Solution Interface

Plasma‐solution interface plays the important role in the systems of the electrical discharges with or in liquids (electrolyte solutions). Processes, which pass at this interface, influence on as plasma as liquid. In this paper, the theoretical and experimental results of studies of the double layer on the liquid surface are presented. Data of cathode region properties, kinetics of nonequilibrium vaporization, correlation between radiation intensity and fluxes from electrolyte cathode surface and energy consumptions per on one water molecule transfer are summarized. It is able to suggest the transfer mechanism at the plasma‐solution interface. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Effect of the properties of solution on the transfer of components to the plasma zone and their emission in an electrolytic-cathode glow discharge

The processes of nonequilibrium transfer of components of a solution to the gas phase by the action of atmospheric-pressure glow discharge were studied. Data on the influence of the initial acidity and the nature of the solution on the intensity of atomic emission lines of alkali metals and the integral rate of nonequilibrium vaporization are presented. It is concluded that the gas discharge has an effect on the structural characteristics of the solution.     

The Oxide Nanostructures Formation Mechanisms in Underwater Plasma in Terms of Electrochemistry

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Solution plasma is a promising method for the production of nanostructured materials. The explanation of physical and electrochemical processes during the...     

Solution Plasma Processing as an Environmentally Friendly Method for Low-Molecular Chitosan Production

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - The use of low molecular weight chitosan in biomedicine and agriculture requires the development of new environmentally friendly technology for its...     

The Effect of pH on OH Radical Generation in Aqueous Solutions by Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge

Formation of hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solutions by atmospheric pressure DC glow discharge was investigated. The ferrocyanide was used as an OH scavenger at different pH. Experimental results indicated that pH effect on hydroxyl radical formation rate could be explained by particularities of [Fe(CN)₆]^4? and reactive species interaction in different media.     

Influence of the composition of electrolyte on the kinetics of its nonequilibrium evaporation at the initial steps

Data on the influence of the solute nature and the acidity of solution on the solvent transfer rate are presented. Approximation of different portions of mass transfer curves made it possible to calculate the rate of nonequilibrium evaporation with allowance for the contribution of natural vaporization. It was found that rate of evaporation in acidic solutions of salts is substantially higher than that in neutral solutions. Other conditions being equal, the composition of the solution has a substantial effect on the rate of nonequilibrium mass transfer.