Mg改性对Co/γ-Al2O3-TiO2催化燃烧丙烷性能影响

采用分步浸渍法制备了系列Mg改性的Co/γ-Al_2O_3-TiO_2催化剂,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(DR-UV-vis)、N_2吸附-脱附(BET)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和H_2程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)等技术对催化剂进行表征,并考察了其对丙烷燃烧的催化性能。结果表明,Co在原始γ-Al_2O_3-TiO_2载体和Mg改性MgO/γ-Al_2O_3-TiO_2载体上均以Co_3O_4的形式存在;Mg掺入后与Al_2O_3作用形成MgAl_2O_4尖晶石,改善了载体的织构性质,提升了Co_3O_4在催化剂载体表面的暴露数量和分散程度。此外,MgAl_2O_4与Co_3O_4相互作用提升了Co_3O_4颗粒表面Co~(3+)/Co~(2+)和O_(ads)/O_(latt)的比例,并削弱了Co-O键键能,从而提升了其对丙烷的催化燃烧活性。当Mg负载量为15%(质量分数)时,在Co/MgO(15%)/γ-Al_2O_3-TiO_2催化剂上进行丙烷燃烧,丙烷90%转化率的温度比无Mg掺杂的Co/γ-Al_2O_3-TiO_2催化剂的降低了45℃,并且连续反应40 h其活性保持稳定。     

生物燃料电池处理生活污水同步产电特性研究

以某生活污水处理厂缺氧池活性污泥为接种体,以葡萄糖为模拟生活废水,构建双室型微生物燃料电池。利用微生物燃料电池(MFC,Microbial fuel cell)实现生活废水降解与同步产电。研究基质降解动力学及温度对MFC电极过程动力学的影响,明确微生物电化学活性、阳极传荷阻抗、阳极电势、电池产能之间的关系,考察库伦效率及COD去除率。研究结果表明,电池功率输出与基质浓度关系遵循莫顿动力学方程:P=Pmaxc/(ks+c),其中,半饱和常数ks为138.5 mg/L,最大功率密度Pmax为320.2 mW/m2。葡萄糖浓度较小时,反应遵循一级动力学规律:-dcA/dt=kcA,k=0.262 h-1。操作温度从20℃提高到35℃,生物膜电化学活性不断提高,传荷阻抗从361.2Ω减小到36.2Ω,阳极电极电势不断降低,同时,峰值功率密度从80.6 mW/m2提高到183.3 mW/m2。45℃时,产电菌活性降低,峰值功率密度减小到36.8 mW/m2。葡萄糖浓度为1 500 mg/L,温度为35℃时,MFC电化学性能最佳,稳定运行6 h后库伦效率为44.6%,COD去除率为49.2%。     

芴基张力半导体结构和光电性质的理论研究

[4]Cyclo-9, 9-dimethyl-2, 7-fluorenylene ([4]CF) was used as a model compound to explore the steric strain effect on the structures and photoelectrical properties of materials. A series of strained cyclic polyfluorene materials, [n]CFs (n=3-8), was designed. It was found that the strain energy decreased and the energy gap increased as the number of n and ring diameter increased. The ionization potential and electronic affinity tended to increase and decrease as the strain energy decreased at the same number of [n]CFs, respectively. With a balance between hole and electron reorganization energies in the system, these compounds demonstrated great potential as ambipolar materials. It was also found that [n]CFs showed an obvious blue shift in their emission spectra wavelengths (λ_em2) as the strain energy decreased. Steric strain provides a powerful tool for the design of multifunctional semiconductors in organic optoelectronics.     

茂金属聚乙烯薄膜中晶点的组成与结构

茂金属聚乙烯薄膜中晶点的组成与结构;茂金属聚乙烯;晶点;薄膜;组成;结构     

液相自组装法制备铁酸铋薄膜的研究

采用液相自组装法成功制备出铁酸铋(BiFeO3)薄膜,并采用XRD、SEM和VSM等测试方法对BiFeO3薄膜进行了表征.研究了功能化的自组装单分子层(SAMs)表面对BiFeO3薄膜成核和生长的影响,以及沉积温度对铁酸铋薄膜的形成和微观形貌的影响.结果表明:功能化的SAMs表面上薄膜与基底结合牢固,结构致密均一;沉积温度在60～70 ℃之间,薄膜表面比较平整均一,当沉积温度高于70 ℃,薄膜表面出现多晶聚集体现象.     

Preparation of Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatographic Packings Based on Monodisperse Hydrophilic Non‐porous Beads and Their Application

Three hydrophilic immobilized metal affinity chromatographic packings for HPLC have been synthesized by chemical modification of 3.0 µm monodisperse non‐porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylenedimethacrylate) (P_GMA/EDMA) beads. The retention behavior of proteins on the metal ion chelated columns loaded with copper(II), nickel(II) and zin(II) ion was studied. The effect of pH on the protein retention was investigated on both the naked and metal ion chelated columns in the range from 4.0 to 9.0. Four proteins were quickly separated in 3.0 min with linear gradient elution at a flow rate of 3.0 mL/min by using the synthesized Ni²⁺‐IDA (iminodiacetic acid) packings. The separation time was shorter than other immobilized metal affinity chromatography reported in the literature. Purification of lysozyme from egg white and trypsin on the commercially available trypsin was performed on the naked‐IDA and Cu²⁺‐IDA columns, respectively. The purities of the purified trypsin and lysozyme were more than 92% and 95%, respectively.     

Optimized Separation of Nine Xanthones by Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography

A microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography method has been firstly used for the separation of the therapeutically important xanthones from Securidaca inappendiculata. The separation of the nine xanthones was systematically optimized with respect to pH, composition of microemulsion,addition of cyclodextrins, applied voltage and column temperature. Baseline separation was successfully achieved for the nine xanthones, which was also compared with that by micellar electrokinetic chromtography.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素残留量

建立了用于检测牛奶和奶粉中拉沙洛菌素、莫能菌素、尼日利亚菌素、盐霉素、甲基盐霉素和马杜霉素铵6种聚醚类抗生素残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.用乙腈提取样品中的聚醚类抗生素,提取液经HLB固相萃取柱净化,采用超高效液相色谱分离,以电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测模式进行质谱分析.6种抗生素在0.5～100.0 μg/L范围内均呈线性,相关系数r>0.99.在空白样品中添加6种聚醚类抗生素的回收率均在74.0%～98.5%之间; 精密度(RSD)4.8%～17.2%.牛奶中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为0.2 μg/L;奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为1.6 μg/kg.     

NiY分子筛的合成及在微生物电解池阴极的析氢性能研究

在Na₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-H₂O体系中添加硝酸镍,采用导向剂法合成了NiY分子筛。利用XRD、SEM、TEM、N₂吸附-脱附等手段对合成的NiY分子筛进行了表征。结果表明,随着镍添加量的增加,结晶度和zeta电位呈先增大后减小的趋势。当Si/Ni （mol ratio）大于5时,硝酸镍对分子筛的形成具有促进作用,当Si/Ni （mol ratio）小于5时,则具有抑制作用。晶粒粒径为1.5-3 μm,形貌为凹槽结构的六方或四方柱型,且具有微孔-介孔多级孔道结构特征。通过循环伏安曲线和极化曲线测试,在Si/Ni （mol ratio）=5时,样品的氧化还原性能最强,过电势最小,电催化活性最高。在12 h内,每4 mg的Si/Ni （mol ratio）=5样品,产气总量为10.1 mL,氢气纯度达81.69%,与Pt电极相比其氢气产量提高了28%。NiY分子筛表现出良好的析氢催化活性,有望取代Pt成为MEC新型阴极材料。     

从N-Fmoc-L-α-氨基酸合成对应的同系物N——Fmoc-L-β-氨基酸(I)

描述了以重氮甲烷为重氮化试剂,以商品易得的N-Fmoc-L-α-氨基酸为原料,成功地运用Arndt-Eistert合成,仅通过两步反应,就高产率地合成了8个对应的同系物N--Fmoc-L-β-氨基酸的方法。