Study of the peak effect phenomenon in single crystals of 2H-NbSe2

The weakly pinned single crystals of the hexagonal 2H-NbSe₂ compound have emerged as prototypes for determining and characterizing the phase boundaries of the possible order-disorder transformations in the vortex matter. We present here a status report based on the ac and dc magnetization measurements of the peak effect phenomenon in three crystals of 2H-NbSe₂, in which the critical current densities vary over two orders of magnitude. We sketch the generic vortex phase diagram of a weakly pinned superconductor, which also utilizes theoretical proposals. We also establish the connection between the metastability effects and pinning.     

Synthesis and characterization of some oxodiperoxo molybdenum(VI) complexes of Morpholinomethyl urea and related ligands

The oxodiperoxo complexes of Mo(VI) of the type [MoO(O₂)₂L], where L = Morpholinomethyl urea, morpholinomethyl thiourea, piperidinomethyl urea, piperidinomethyl thiourea, pyrrolidinomethyl urea, and pyrrolidinomethyl thiourea have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, UV-Vis, and TGA/DTA techniques. It is shown that the ligands coordinate to the metal ion in a symmetrical bidentate fashion through heterocyclic nitrogen and carbonyl oxygen or thiocarbonyl sulfur. Thermal studies indicate continuous weight loss until a stable oxide is formed. The text was submitted by authors in English.     

Kinetics and hydrothermal transformation of gibbsite

The transformation of gibbsite have been studied under hydrothermal influence. Results of the X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples heated at different temperatures from 170°C to 265°C are also discussed in detail. The percentage of the boehmite phase formed, due to the transformation of the gibbsite, have been determined by comparing the intensity of the most strongest reflection of the boehmite phase with a fully transformed sample. The activation energy value calculated form X-ray diffractograms is almost comparable with the value calculated from main DTA endotherm of gibbsite.Es wurde die Umwandlung von Gibbsit unter hydrothermalem Einfluß untersucht. Weiterhin werden auch Ergebnisse der Röntgendiffraktionsanalyse an den bei verschiedenen Temperaturen zwischen 170°C und 265°C erhitzten Proben besprochen. Durch Vergleich der Intensität der stärksten Reflexion der Böhmitphase mit einer vollständig umgewandelten Probe wurde der prozentuelle Anteil der während der Umwandlung von Gibbsit gebildeten Böhmitphase bestimmt. Der Wert für die Aktivierungsenergie, berechnet aus den Röntgendiffraktogrammen ist annähernd vergleichbar mit dem aus der DTA von Gibbsit berechneten Wert.

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RRL Contribution No. 2028.     

Alkoxy Derivatives of Tricyclopentadienyl Cerium (IV)

Tricyclopentadienyl cerïum(IV) chloride has been treated with various primary and secondary alcohols in benzene medium in the presence of triethylamine to give compounds, (C₅H₅)₃Ce(OR) wherein R may be CH₃ C₂H₃, n-C₂H₃, iso-C₃H₇, N-C₄H₉, iso-C₄H₉ and iso-C₃H₁₁. Infrared spectra and some physical characteristics of all these compounds and reported.     

Novel nonperipheral octa-3-hydroxypropylthio substituted metallo-phthalocyanines: synthesis,characterization, and investigation of their electrochemical,photochemical and computational properties

The current study describes the synthesis, electrochemical, computational, and photochemical properties of octa (3-hydroxypropylthio) substituted cobalt (II) ( 4 ), copper (II) ( 5 ), nickel (II) ( 6 ) and zinc(II) ( 7 ) phthalocyanine derivatives. These novel compounds were characterized by elemental analysis,¹H,¹³C NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and MS. The redox behaviors of these metallo-phthalocyanines were investigated by the cyclic voltammetric method. The optimized molecular structure and gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO)¹H and¹³C NMR chemical shift values of these phthalocyanines in the ground state had been calculated by using B3LYP/6–31G(d,p) basis set. The outcomes of the optimized molecular structure were given and compared with the experimental NMR values. The photochemical properties including photodegradation and singlet oxygen generation of zinc(II) phthalocyanine were studied in DMSO solution for the determination of its photosensitizer behaviors.     

Study of magnetoresistance and conductance of bicrystal grain boundary in La0.67Ba0.33MnO3 thin film

La_0.67Ba_0.33MnO₃ (LBMO) thin film is deposited on a 36.7°C SrTiO₃ bicrystal substrate using laser ablation technique. A microbridge is created across bicrystal grain boundary and its characteristics are compared with a microbridge on the LBMO film having no grain boundary. Presence of grain boundary exhibits substantial magnetoresistance ratio (MRR) in the low field and low temperature region. Bicrystal grain boundary contribution in MRR disappears at temperature T>175 K. At low temperature, I-V characteristic of the microbridge across bicrystal grain boundary is nonlinear. Analysis of temperature dependence of dynamic conductance-voltage characteristics of the bicrystal grain boundary indicates that at low temperatures (T<175 K) carrier transport across the grain boundary in LBMO film is dominated by inelastic tunneling via pairs of manganese atoms and tunneling through disordered oxides. At higher temperatures (T>175 K), magnetic scattering process is dominating. Decrease of bicrystal grain boundary contribution in magnetoresistance with the increase in temperature is due to enhanced spin-flip scattering process.     

Dilatometric studies of Leh clay Part II

Clay from the Leh area of J&K State (India) was separated into various size fractions by the method of sedimentation and with Sharpie's supercentrifuge process. The results of dilatometric studies of the fractions are discussed in detail.

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Zusammenfassung Ton aus dem Leh-Gebiet des J&K Staates (Indien) wurde mittels Sedimentation und nach dem Ultrazentrifugenverfahren nach Sharple in Fraktionen unterschiedlicher Grösse zerlegt. Die Ergebnisse von dilatometrischen Untersuchungen dieser Fraktionen werden detailliert diskutiert.

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The authors are grateful to the Director, Regional Research Laboratory, Jammu, for his kind permission to publish this paper. Thanks are also due to Professor G. Mandal, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT, Bombay, for his suggestions during the study.     

Multiple ionization of argon in coincidence with projectile ions in 60–120 MeV Si q+-Ar collisions

A projectile ion-recoil ion coincidence technique has been employed to study the multiple ionization and the charge transfer processes in collisions of 60–120 MeV Si ^q+ (q = 4−14) ions with neutral argon atoms. The relative contribution of different ionization channels, namely; direct ionization, electron capture and electron loss leading to the production of slow moving multiply charged argon recoil ions have been investigated. The data reported on the present collision system result from a direct measurement in the considered impact energy for the first time. The total ionization cross-sections for the recoil ions are shown to scale as q ^1.7/E _p ^0.5 , where E _p is the energy in MeV of the projectile and q its charge state. The recoil fractions for the cases of total- and direct ionizations are found to decrease with increasing recoil charge state j. The total ionization fractions of the recoils are seen to depend on q and to show the presence of a ‘shell-effect’ of the target. Further, the fractions are found to vary as 1/j ² upto j = 8+. The average recoil charge state 〈j〉 increases slowly with q and with the number of lost or captured electrons from or into the projectile respectively. The projectile charge changing cross-sections σ _qq′ are found to decrease with increasing q for loss ionization and to increase with q for direct-and capture ionization processes respectively. The physics behind various scaling rules that are found to follow our data for different ionization processes is reviewed and discussed.