On the effect of magnetic fields on alloys with isothermal kinetics of martensitic transformation

The effect of magnetic treatment on the isothermal martensitic transformation in the Fe-24% Ni-4% Mn alloy has been investigated. The martensitic transformation in a dc magnetic field at liquid-helium temperature has been analyzed.     

Phase transformations and structure of Ni–Mn–In alloys with varying ratio Ni/Mn

The fine structure of Ni–Mn–In alloys has been studied when manganese atoms are substituted for nickel atoms in an annealing state. The concentration dependence of the critical temperatures and the structures of the alloys have been discussed. It has been found that, as manganese atoms replace nickel atoms, the structure after annealing is changed from a two-phase (L2₁ + martensite) to single-phase L2₁ structure. The martensitic transformation in Ni₄₇Mn₄₂In₁₁ alloy is accompanied by the formation of modulated 14M martensite.     

Re-examination of 7,7′-dimethyl-7-germanorbornadiene photocleavage in solution and in organic glasses

Dimethylgermylene and its Ge=Ge doubly bonded dimer, tetramethyldigermene, have been characterized directly in solution by 308-nm laser flash photolysis in n-hexane solution, as well as 254-nm photolysis in hydrocarbon glasses at t = 77 K. An absorption band maximum of λ _max ≈ 430 nm and molar absorption coefficient of ε ≈ 2,700 M⁻¹ cm⁻¹ have been shown to be attributable to low-temperature glasses, while the absorption band maximum of λ _max ≈ 480 nm and molar absorption coefficient of ε ≈ 2,400 M⁻¹ cm⁻¹ have been shown to be related to dimethylgermylene in n-hexane solution. The molar absorption coefficient of tetramethyldigermene (λ _max ≈ 380 nm) was determined to be ε ≈ 84,000 M⁻¹ cm⁻¹. The germylene is formed via (formal) cheletropic photocycloreversion of 7,7′-dimethylgerma-1,4,5,6-tetraphenyl-2,3-benzo-norbornadiene. Tetramethyldigermene and 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylnaphthalene in the triplet state were formed, together with dimethylgermylene. We attempted to explain the various contradictory interpretations of experimental data existing in the literature on this reaction.     

A monopole mass filter with a hyperbolic V-shaped electrode

In this article we compare the classical monopole mass filter of von Zahn and the monopole mass filter with a hyperbolic V-shaped electrode. The experimental results and those of computer simulation for both mass spectrometers are presented. We show that the replacement of a conventional 90 degrees V-shaped electrode by an electrode with a hyperbolic profile substantially improves the peak shape of any given mass, and increases the mass resolution by a factor of 3-4 and the abundance sensitivity by a factor of 100. The potential of high analytical performance combined with electroforming techniques for electrode manufacture indicate future practical uses of such instruments. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Phase transitions and thermal expansion in Ni<Subscript>51–<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Mn<Subscript>36 + <Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Sn<Subscript>13</Subscript> alloys

Thermal expansion and structural and magnetic phase transitions in alloys of the Ni–Mn–Sn system have been investigated. The spontaneous martensitic transformation in Ni_51–xMn_{36 + x}Sn₁₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 3) alloys is found to be accompanied by high jumps in the temperature dependences of the linear thermal expansion. The relative change in the linear sizes of these alloys at the martensitic transformation is ~1.5 × 10^–3. There are no anomalies in the magnetic-ordering temperature range in the temperature dependences of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion. The differences in the behavior of linear thermal expansion at the martensitic transformation in Ni_51–xMn_{36 + x}Sn₁₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 3) and Ni₄₇Mn₄₀Sn₁₃(x = 4) alloys have been established.     

Evolution of Structure and Properties of Ni47Mn42In11 Alloy after Plastic Deformation

Physics of the Solid State - Results of the study of the effect of various types of plastic deformation on microstructural features and change in physical and mechanical properties of the...     

Martensitic transformations and magnetic properties of nonstoichiometric alloys of the Ni-Mn-In system

Martensitic transformations and magnetic properties of Ni_89-x Mn _x In₁₁ (42 ≤ x ≤ 44) alloys have been investigated. Critical temperatures of magnetic and structural phase transitions in the studied alloy system have been determined. It has been shown that the martensitic transformation induced by the magnetic field is observed in all alloys. Temperature dependences of the spontaneous magnetization of austenite and martensite as well as the magnitude of the critical field, in which martensitic transformation occurs, have been determined.