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排序方式: 共有119条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
十二烷基季铵盐及其与十二烷基硫酸钠混合体系的表面活性 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
通过表面张力测定,研究了十二烷基季铵盐C12H25N(CnH2n+1)3Br(n=1,2,3,4)及其与十二烷基硫酸钠混合体系的表面活性,应用规则溶液理论,计算了混合体系表面吸附层和胶团的组成及分子相互作用参数,对于季铵盐、极性基影响大:cmc随n增加而下降,γcmc则先上升,后下降,自极性基碳链的空间阻碍、疏水、弯曲效应,以及电荷屏蔽效应可对此予以解释,对于混合体系,极性基大小对其表面活性及胶团 相似文献
2.
Jingyu Wang Jing Zheng Yanbin Cai Jinxin Zheng Jie Gao Qingqiu Gong Zhimou Yang 《中国科学:化学(英文版)》2016,59(6):719-723
In this study, we used the 4-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD) as an aromatic capping group for a peptide to construct the supramolecular nanofibers. Taking the advantage of the fluorescence property of NBD, we could directly observe the cellular distribution of the self-assembled nanofibers. We found that the distributions of the nanofibers of NBD-FFETIGGY are different in four mammalian cells and two plant cells. The nanofibers are mainly located at the surface of two mammalian cells and one plant cell, while in the intracellular space of other cells. Different distributions of nanofibers lead to different protein binding patterns of the nanofibers in two different cell lines. We believe that a useful and versatile platform has been offered to the image cellular distribution of nanofibers, which can provide useful information to the biological functions of the self-assembled nanostructures. 相似文献
3.
A novel fluorescent nanoprobe for glutathione S‐transferase (GST) has been developed by incorporating 3,4‐dinitrobenzamide (a specific substrate of GST) onto CdTe/ZnTe quantum dots. The probe itself displays a low background signal due to the strong quenching effect of the electron‐withdrawing unit of 3,4‐dinitrobenzamide on the quantum dots. However, GST can efficiently catalyze the nucleophilic substitution of reduced glutathione on the p‐nitro group of the nanoprobe, leading to a large fluorescence enhancement. Most notably, this enhancement shows high selectivity and sensitivity towards GST instead of the other biological substances. With this nanoprobe, a simple fluorescence imaging method for intracellular GST has been established, and its applicability has been successfully demonstrated for imaging GST in different living cells, which reveals that A549 cells express GST about 3 times higher than NIH‐3T3 and Hela cells. 相似文献
4.
Some novel 1,4-distyrylbenzene (DSB) and 4,4′-distyrylbiphenyl (DSBP) fluorescent brighteners (FBs) were used to dye polyester and cotton fabrics. The CIE whiteness, color hue and reflectance spectrum of dyed fabrics were compared. DSBP derivatives could dye the cotton and polyester fabrics with a higher whiteness level and had a lower fluorescent quenching concentration than DSB derivatives. The color hue for the fabric dyed with DSB FBs was yellow-green, whereas that dyed with DSBP was blue–violet. The molecular arrangement in the fiber had a significant influence on their optical properties, resulting in different coloring properties. The increase in molecule planarity and rigidity generated by the interaction between the polymer and FB molecules caused a remarkable bathochromic shift in emission and excitation spectra. The H-aggregate of the DSB molecule in the fiber was easily generated, and the degree of aggregation increased with the molecular polarity. However, the aggregation of DSBP molecules in the polyester and cotton fiber was not found. The surface region of the cotton fiber was filled with FB molecules, whereas FB molecules in the polyester fiber aggregated easily, and incident light could pass through the surface region. 相似文献
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用Grubbs第二代催化剂引发降冰片烯类单体(NBEDE)和链转移剂在离子液体[bmim][BF4]中的开环易位聚合(ROMP)反应,反应体系保持均相,无聚合物析出,得到两端为叔溴的遥爪型官能化聚合物(Br-PNBEDE-Br).以Br-PNBEDE-Br作为大分子引发剂,在离子液体介质中引发甲基丙烯酸2-(二甲氨基)乙酯(DMAEMA)的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP),制得分子量分布较窄的两亲性三嵌段共聚物(PDMAEMA-PNBEDE-PDMAEMA).利用动态激光光散射(DLS),原子力显微镜(AFM),透射电镜(TEM)等技术,考察嵌段共聚物在选择性溶剂/共溶剂(H2O/THF)中的胶束行为,以及溶液pH值对胶束的影响.结果表明,TEM观察到胶束为球形,由于TEM和AFM是在干态下测得胶束的粒径,而DLS是在溶液中测定胶束的流体力学直径,所以TEM和AFM得到的胶束粒径小于DLS的结果.不同pH值对胶束尺寸大小有明显的影响,胶束微粒随着pH值的增大而增大. 相似文献
8.
Murphy CJ Sau TK Gole AM Orendorff CJ Gao J Gou L Hunyadi SE Li T 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(29):13857-13870
This feature article highlights work from the authors' laboratories on the synthesis, assembly, reactivity, and optical applications of metallic nanoparticles of nonspherical shape, especially nanorods. The synthesis is a seed-mediated growth procedure, in which metal salts are reduced initially with a strong reducing agent, in water, to produce approximately 4 nm seed particles. Subsequent reduction of more metal salt with a weak reducing agent, in the presence of structure-directing additives, leads to the controlled formation of nanorods of specified aspect ratio and can also yield other shapes of nanoparticles (stars, tetrapods, blocks, cubes, etc.). Variations in reaction conditions and crystallographic analysis of gold nanorods have led to insight into the growth mechanism of these materials. Assembly of nanorods can be driven by simple evaporation from solution or by rational design with molecular-scale connectors. Short nanorods appear to be more chemically reactive than long nanorods. Finally, optical applications in sensing and imaging, which take advantage of the visible light absorption and scattering properties of the nanorods, are discussed. 相似文献
9.
Using differential detection,we perform polarization-multiplexing 160-Gb/s optical non-return-to-zero(NRZ) differential quadrature phase shift keying(DQPSK) signal transmission over 100-km standard single mode fiber at a bit error rate(BER) of less than 10-9.The enabling technology includes clock recovery,fine dispersion compensation,and polarization tracking for de-multiplexing.Furthermore,a hybrid clock recovery scheme is proposed.The scheme is realized with ordinary devices using an optoelectrical modula... 相似文献
10.
We consider capacity management with a long-term strategic choice, such as the number of production lines to install before demand is known, and short-term tactical decisions relating to production, inventory, and subcontracting (recourse actions made after demand is known). We present an integrated scenario-based mathematical modeling and solution framework. For a single-product environment, we examine properties of total profit as a function of demand and the long-term capacity z. We investigate two measures of risk (profit variance and mean downside risk) and their corresponding profit-risk frontiers. Computational experiments are used to illustrate parameter sensitivity results obtained from the model. 相似文献