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应用零价铁(ZVI)去除水中(类)金属(含氧)离子是近年来研究的热点。在ZVI除污染过程中,同步提升ZVI除污的反应活性与电子效率对该技术进一步推广应用至关重要。本文综述了近十年(2011-2021年)ZVI的提升技术,主要涉及硫化、外加弱磁场、投加Fe2+、投加氧化剂以及其他新型技术。从不同体系广谱研究以及单一体系具体研究的角度,系统分析了这些技术对ZVI去除含氧水体中(类)金属(含氧)离子的反应活性、去除容量、电子效率的提升表现及作用机制。最后,对ZVI技术未来的研究方向作出了展望,以期促进ZVI技术的进一步完善与发展。本文有望为增强零价铁去除污染物的实际效能提供新的探索方向并完备相关理论基础。 相似文献
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针对柱状装药的周向预制破片战斗部,结合无量纲分析方法和爆炸驱动理论,确定了影响破片和冲击波相遇位置的关键参数,给出了由缩比战斗部推广预测原型战斗部爆炸产生的破片冲击波作用时序的方法。采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件进行数值模拟,对比验证了理论分析和数值试验结果,分析了战斗部缩比比例对冲击波和破片作用时序的影响。结果表明:缩比模型与原型战斗部爆炸产生的破片和冲击波的相遇位置之比和相遇时间之比主要取决于两模型的质量比,在不考虑破片速度衰减时,两模型中载荷相遇位置之比和相遇时间之比等于其质量比的0.33次方。受破片速度衰减影响,该方法仅适用于质量缩比不小于0.2的模型。 相似文献
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Computational Insights into the Charge Relaying Properties of β‐Turn Peptides in Protein Charge Transfers 下载免费PDF全文
Ru Zhang Dr. Jinxiang Liu Dr. Hongfang Yang Shoushan Wang Meng Zhang Prof. Dr. Yuxiang Bu 《Chemphyschem》2015,16(2):436-446
Density functional theory calculations suggest that β‐turn peptide segments can act as a novel dual‐relay elements to facilitate long‐range charge hopping transport in proteins, with the N terminus relaying electron hopping transfer and the C terminus relaying hole hopping migration. The electron‐ or hole‐binding ability of such a β‐turn is subject to the conformations of oligopeptides and lengths of its linking strands. On the one hand, strand extension at the C‐terminal end of a β‐turn considerably enhances the electron‐binding of the β‐turn N terminus, due to its unique electropositivity in the macro‐dipole, but does not enhance hole‐forming of the β‐turn C terminus because of competition from other sites within the β‐strand. On the other hand, strand extension at the N terminal end of the β‐turn greatly enhances hole‐binding of the β‐turn C terminus, due to its distinct electronegativity in the macro‐dipole, but does not considerably enhance electron‐binding ability of the N terminus because of the shared responsibility of other sites in the β‐strand. Thus, in the β‐hairpin structures, electron‐ or hole‐binding abilities of both termini of the β‐turn motif degenerate compared with those of the two hook structures, due to the decreased macro‐dipole polarity caused by the extending the two terminal strands. In general, the high polarity of a macro‐dipole always plays a principal role in determining charge‐relay properties through modifying the components and energies of the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of the β‐turn motif, whereas local dipoles with low polarity only play a cooperative assisting role. Further exploration is needed to identify other factors that influence relay properties in these protein motifs. 相似文献
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Liu J Yang K Deng Q Li Q Zhang L Liang Z Zhang Y 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(13):3969-3971
A new approach, combining metal-coordination with molecular imprinting technology, was developed to prepare protein-affinity materials, which showed higher specific recognition ability towards the target protein than those prepared using either metal-coordination or molecular imprinting technology. 相似文献
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用屏栅电离室测量了入射中子能量为5.1MeV的58Ni(n,α)55Fe核反应的α粒子角分布,238U裂变电离室作中子注量率的测量,测得该能点58Ni(n,α)55Fe的总截面为(47.4±5.0)mb.用中国核数据中心推荐的理论计算程序UNF计算了在1—8MeV能区58Ni(n,p)58Co,58Ni(n,α)55Fe的反应截面和入射中子能量为5.1MeV的58Ni(n,α)反应角分布.理论和测量数据的比较说明,用复合核模型来描写该能点的角分布是可行的. 相似文献
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Protic deep eutectic mixtures are usually composed of organic amine hydrochloride salts and hydrogen bond donors in a specific molar ratio. Ionothermal synthesis of aluminophosphate as an example, herein, was reported for the first time from an urea‐based protic eutectic mixture, consisting of diethylammonium chloride (DEACl) and 1,3‐dimethyl urea (DMU). As a result, a new two dimensional aluminophosphate with 4.8‐network, [CH3NH3]2[(C2H5)2NH2]Al3(PO4)4, has been successfully synthesized by co‐templating the DEA and methylamine in situ generated from the decomposition of DMU in the absence of HF. Compared to alkyl quaternary ammonium salts with more alkyl‐group connected with N atom, this kind of organic amine salts are more likely as the structure‐directing agents to synthesize aluminophosphates in urea‐based deep eutectic mixtures. It was also found that HF is crucial to the phase selectivity, a known compound with chain‐like structure was obtained with the single methylamine as a structure‐directing agent in the presence of HF. These materials were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, TG‐DSC, 13C CP‐MAS NMR and CHN analyses. 相似文献