新苯并噻唑偶氮羧酸型试剂与钴铁镍铜钯显色反应的研究

在苯并噻唑偶氮羧酸型试剂分子的苯环中,与羧基相对或相间的位置引入不同的基团,在苯并噻唑环的6位或5位引入甲基,从而合成了六个新苯并噻唑偶氮羧酸型显色剂,详细研究了这六个新试剂与Co(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Pd(Ⅱ)的显色反应。结果表明,引入的不同助色基团明显地影响试剂的灵敏度和选择性。一些新试剂-金属络合物的摩尔吸光系数在1×10~5以上,其中5-Me-BTAEB的灵敏度高于其它试剂。并研究了试剂结构与性能之间的关系。     

Estimation of Critical Temperature of Thermal Explosion for Nitrosubstituted Azetidines Using Non-isothermal DSC

Based on reasonable hypothesis, two general expressions and their six derived formulae for estimating the critical temperature (T_b) of thermal explosion for energetic materials (EM) were derived from the Semenov's thermal explosion theory and eight non‐isothermal kinetic equations. We can easily obtain the values of the initial temperature (T_0i) at which DSC curve deviates from the baseline of the non‐isothermal DSC curve of EM, the onset temperature (T_ei), the exothermic decomposition reaction kinetic parameters and the values of T₀₀ and T_e0 from the equation T_{0i or ei}=T_{00 or e0}+a₁β_i+a₂β_i²+···+a_L?2β_i^L?2, i=1, 2, ;···, L and then calculate the values of T_b by the six derived formulae. The T_b values for seven nitrosubstituted azetidines, 3,3‐dinitroazetidinium nitrate ( 1 ), 3,3‐dinitroazetidinium picrate ( 2 ), 3,3‐dinitroazetidinium‐3‐nitro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐onate ( 3 ), 1,3‐bis(3′,3′‐dinitroazetidine group)‐2,2‐dinitropropane ( 4 ), 1‐(2′,2′,2′‐trinitroethyl)‐3,3‐dinitroazetidine ( 5 ), 3,3‐dinitroazetidinium perchlorate ( 6 ) and 1‐(3′,3′‐dinitroazetidineyl)‐2,2‐dinitropropane ( 7 ), obtained with the six derived formulae are agreeable to each other, whose differences are within 1.5%. The results indicate that the heat‐resistance stability of the seven nitrosubstituted azetidines decreases in the order 6 > 7 > 5 > 4 > 3 > 2 > 1 .     

二茂铁甲酸(2-丙烯酰氧乙基)酯的合成及优化

二茂铁类燃速催化剂在使用过程中存在的主要问题是在推进剂贮存过程中易产生迁移和挥发问题。 针对这些不足,对二茂铁衍生物进行改性,在二茂铁的茂环上引入极性基团以增大分子极性。 以二茂铁甲酸(FCA)和2-羟乙基丙烯酸酯(HEA)为反应物,以二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)为脱水剂,以对二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)为催化剂,在二氯甲烷(DCM)中合成二茂铁甲酸(2-丙烯酰氧乙基)酯(AEFC),优化各反应条件,确定最佳投料摩尔比为n(FCA):n(HEA):n(DMAP):n(DCC)=20:28:20:24,反应温度为0 ℃,DCC溶液滴加时间为60~75 min,反应时间为15 h,搅拌速率为1000 r/min,在此条件下得到的AEFC的产率为75.1%,纯度为98%。     

Investigation on the dissolution behavior of 2HNIW·HMX co-crystal prepared by a solvent/non-solvent method in N,N-dimethylformamide at T = (298.15–318.15) K

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexazisowurtzitane (HNIW)·1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX) co-crystal in a 2:1 molar ratio was...     

1,3,3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷及其衍生物的热解机理的AM1研究

用ＳＣＦ－ＭＯ－ＡＭ１方法计算研究了１，３，３－三硝基氮杂环丁烷和它的三个衍生物的分子几何构型，电子结构和热解机理，分子中连结偕二硝基的两个Ｃ－Ｎ键级较小，均裂该建所需活化能较低，可能是优先发生的主要热解引发反应，四个标题物均裂该键的活化能和该键的Ｗｉｂｅｒｇ键级之间存在良好的线性关系，线性相关系数为０．９９。     

乙烯基硅氮烷-巯基共聚物热裂解研究

采用红外(FTIR)、热失重, 热分析以及质谱联用(TGA-DTA-MS)、X射线衍射仪(XDR)、能谱仪对紫外光固化乙烯基硅氮烷-巯基共聚体系的热裂解行为进行了分析和表征. 结果表明: 300～500 ℃为聚合物裂解反应的主要温度范围. 裂解过程会逸出多种小分子气体, 其中体系中的S元素可能主要是以H2S和SO2和噻吩类的形式逸出; 最终质量保持率为55.3 wt%; 热裂解转化物表观密度出现先下降后上升的趋势, 最终达到2.09 g•cm－3; 在保温2 h的条件下, 热裂解转化物在1400 ℃下生成少量Si3N4晶体, 在1600 ℃下, 热裂解转化物晶体质量组成为m(SiO2)∶m(Si3N4)∶m(SiC)＝3∶26∶71, 结晶度达到91.3%.     

Synthesis and Properties of Semicrystalline Copolyimides Based on 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylether and 1,3-Bis(4-aminophenoxy) Benzene

Copolyimides were prepared from 4,4′-diaminodiphenylether (4,4′-ODA), 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy) benzene (TPER), and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) through a three-step imidization process with different monomer compositions. The copolymerization disrupted the molecular regularity and decreased the intermolecular interaction of the polyimide chains. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated the prepared copolyimides showed the same semicrystalline character, but had various crystallinity and crystal forms. The copolymerization also changed the crystal morphologies of the polyimides. With increasing TPER ratio, the copolyimides started to form spherulites and hedrites, which then tended to grow more perfectly as the TPER ratio was further increased. The solubility of the copolyimides and their dependence on the crystallnity and the chain flexibility was investigated. These copolyimides exhibited excellent thermal and thermo-oxidative stability.