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1.
Unsteady motion in single-line flow-injection systems consisting of n tubular elements with valve or hydrodynamic injection is studied theoretically. A formula for the duration of the initial period of unsteady flow is derived. This initial period is much shorter than the mean residence time of the analyte in practical systems. It can therefore be neglected in mathematical modelling of such systems. Experimental data obtained with single-line systems with valve and hydrodynamic injection confirmed the validity of the theoretical equations. 相似文献
2.
Y. A. Coutinho J. A. Martins Simões C. M. Porto 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1997,73(4):705-709
In this paper we investigate the effects of heavy Majorana neutrinos in the reaction e + e ? → W + W ?. We consider neutrino masses in the 1–10 TeV region. We show that at LEP II and NLC energies it is possible to use this processes to verify indirect evidence of heavy neutral particles with mixing angles of the order sin2 α = 0.01. We discuss the unitarity restrictions that can be obtained for vector singlet and fermion-mirror-fermion models. 相似文献
3.
Let λ and μ be solid sequence spaces. For a sequence of modulus functions Φ = (ϕ k) let λ(Φ) = {x = (x
k
): (ϕk(|x
k
|)) ∈ λ}. Given another sequence of modulus functions Ψ = (ψk), we characterize the continuity of the superposition operators P
f
from λ(Φ) into μ (Ψ) for some Banach sequence spaces λ and μ under the assumptions that the moduli ϕk (k ∈ ℕ) are unbounded and the topologies on the sequence spaces λ(Φ) and μ(Ψ) are given by certain F-norms. As applications
we consider superposition operators on some multiplier sequence spaces of Maddox type.
This research was supported by Estonian Science Foundation Grant 5376. 相似文献
4.
Theoretical concerns about the use of cemented and press-fit stems in revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) include stress
shielding with adverse effects on prosthesis fixation. Radiological studies have showed distal femoral bone resorption after
revision TKA. The revision with use of stems can place abnormal stresses. These stresses can promote the effect of bone stress
shielding and may contribute to bone loss. Experimental quantification of strain shielding in the distal synthetic femur following
TKA is the main purpose of the present study. Three different constructs of TKA were assessed. The first construct included
a stemless femoral component. The other two included a press-fit and a cemented femoral stem. Cortical bone strains were measured
experimentally with tri-axial strain gauges in synthetic femurs before and after in-vitro knee surgery. The difference between
principal strains of implanted and intact femur was calculated for each strain gauge position. This study indicates that the
use of stems in distal femur changes the distribution and magnitude of bone strains. The press-fit stem provoked relevant
bone area (stem length) subjected to strain shielding and also originated the highest reduction of strains in the distal region,
which can potentially induce bone resorption. The stemless implanted femur produced minor bone strain changes relatively to
the intact femur. The use of distal femur stems increases initial stability in the bone, but the observed reduction of strains
in this region, relative to the intact femur, provokes strain shielding that can induce bone resorption and may compromise
the long term implant stability. 相似文献
5.
Jaime Portilla Jairo Quiroga Justo Cobo John N. Low Christopher Glidewell 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2007,63(6):o332-o333
In the title compound, C13H10O4, prepared by the condensation reaction between phthalic anhydride and pentane‐2,4‐dione, one of the acetyl groups in the pentane‐2,4‐dione fragment is almost coplanar with the isobenzofuran ring system, while the other group is twisted out of this plane by almost 80°. The corresponding C—C and C—O distances in the two acetyl units are consistent with dipolar delocalization into the coplanar unit only. There is no supramolecular aggregation of the molecules, but a number of rather short intermolecular contacts of C—H...O, O...O and O...C types occur. 相似文献
6.
The aim of this research work was to clarify the role of the mixed emulsifier in the structure formation and water binding
mode in the case of o/w creams prepared with different surfactants. The swelling behavior of mixed emulsifiers was examined
by means of direct investigation methods such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction. The detailed
structure image of the creams was created with the help of the latter. The influence of the structure of the hydrophilic gel
phase, and the structural changes during storage were studied with rheological methods. On the basis of the results, it can
be stated that the investigated creams had different structures from those mentioned in the literature: surfactant did not
create a mixed bilayer with the structure to furnish fatty amphiphile; instead, micelles were formed. These results correlated
well with the results of the rheological tests. 相似文献
7.
Chemical, structural, and thermal properties of Zn(II)-Cr(III) layered double hydroxides intercalated with sulfated and sulfonated surfactants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Crepaldi EL Pavan PC Tronto J Valim JB 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2002,248(2):429-442
Zn(II)-Cr(III)-LDHs (layered double hydroxides) containing sulfated or sulfonated surfactants as the interlamellar anion were synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The syntheses were conducted under various different experimental conditions, such as the Zn : Cr ratio, pH, and aging time. In each of the prepared materials, unlike previously reported data, the interlayer anion arrangement did not change, being consistent with a perpendicular monolayer. The thermal decomposition process of the prepared materials was studied by a set of analysis methods, such as TG/DTA, TG/MS, PXRD, and FT-IR. From the results obtained it was possible to conclude that, in an air atmosphere, the anions decomposed by a partial combustion, leading to the formation of sulfide. The results also showed that sulfonated surfactants containing LDHs are much more stable than those containing sulfated surfactants. A mechanism was proposed for the thermal decomposition of such LDHs based on the experimental results. 相似文献
8.
Braulio Insuasty Fernando Fernandez Jairo Quiroga Rodolfo Moreno Roberto Martinez Enrique Angeles Ruban Gavito Regina H. S. De Almeida 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1998,35(4):977-981
The reaction of 1,2-diaminobenzenes with substituted 1,2-dibenzoyl-1,2-dibromoethanes constitutes a convenient synthetic route to the hitherto 2-(p-R-benzoylmethylene)-3-(p-R-phenyl)-1H-quinoxalines. Structures of all products were elucidated by ir, 1H and 13C-nmr, mass spectra data. X-Ray crystallography data confirm assigned structures. 相似文献
9.
WO3 and WO3:P (5 mol% H3PO4) thin films were prepared using the sol-gel route and the electrochromic properties of the films were investigated using
in situ spectroelectrochemical methods. The measurements were performed in propylene carbonate solution with 0.1 M LiClO4 as electrolyte. During the cathodic polarization at –0.8 V a blue coloration is observed with a reversible variation between
14% and 84% of the transmittance at λ=633 nm. The kinetics for the bleaching process is faster for the WO3:P film than for the undoped WO3 film.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
10.
A 'bottom-up' approach for the expression of results obtained from analytical methods that include analytical steps with recovery inherently different from 100% [mass transfer steps (MTS): extraction, evaporation, clean-up procedures, digestion, etc.] is presented. The estimation of the combination of all MTS uncertainty involves the comparison of the experimental dispersion of replicated analyses of spiked samples with the estimation of the uncertainty obtained for the combination of all uncertainty sources except MTS ones ('incomplete' estimation). The estimation of MTS uncertainty by difference is performed after evaluating the statistical difference between the 'incomplete' estimation and the experimental dispersion (F-test). When the two estimations are statistically equivalent, the MTS uncertainty is considered to be negligible in relation to the other sources budget. The assumption of constancy of MTS performance within the analytical range is tested through single analyses at several concentration levels and is evaluated by the inclusion of the expected values at the intervals resulting from the combination of the MTS uncertainty estimation performed at one concentration level and the 'incomplete' estimation. The developed methodology can also be useful for method optimisation and validation and for the detection of small trends in results. The determination of pesticides in sweet peppers by GC-NPD was used to explore the above concepts. 相似文献