全文获取类型
收费全文 | 750篇 |
免费 | 34篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 576篇 |
晶体学 | 6篇 |
力学 | 15篇 |
数学 | 68篇 |
物理学 | 119篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 48篇 |
2021年 | 31篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 16篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 39篇 |
2013年 | 43篇 |
2012年 | 40篇 |
2011年 | 52篇 |
2010年 | 33篇 |
2009年 | 39篇 |
2008年 | 54篇 |
2007年 | 36篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 51篇 |
2004年 | 28篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有784条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Numerous biological processes are connected with the efficient electron transfer reactions in proteins and peptides. In this review, we discuss briefly the relevance and current challenges associated with the voltammetric analysis of peptides and proteins with and without a metal redox center. Special attention is paid to the integration of electrochemical methods with new nanomaterials which offers amplification of multiplexing capabilities for simultaneous and very sensitive examination of various proteins. After critically discussing the most interesting approaches in the proteins/peptides voltammetric analysis reported so far, for the single or multiplexed examination of such biomolecules with demonstrated applicability in the real-sample analysis, existing challenges still need to be addressed and future directions in this field will be pointed out. 相似文献
2.
3.
For a dynamical system (X, B, T, μ) we investigate the connections between metric invariants, the rankr(T) and the covering numberF
*(T) and a spectral property for having a simple spectrum. Given a positive integerr≥2, a real numberb, 0<b<1 such thatr·b≥1, we construct examples of systems withr(T)=r, F
*(T)=b and having a simple spectrum. 相似文献
4.
High temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy (HT-STS) was used to investigate the electronic structure of Au(1 1 1) at different temperatures in the energy range 0-1 eV below the Fermi level. We concentrated on the influence of temperature on the Shockley surface state (SS) appearing on noble metals surface due to a surface projected bulk bang gap in [1 1 1] direction. The influence of temperature on the projected band gap edge (BE) was also investigated. The experiment was carried out in the temperature range 294-580 K. As the result of the experiment a delicate shift of the SS and the BE in direction of the Fermi level was reported. 相似文献
5.
(Fe,Co)–Zr,Hf)–Cu–B (HITPERM-type) alloys with variable Hf, Zr and Co content were isothermally crystallised at 500–650 °C for 1 h, and the optimum nanocrystallisation temperature was selected on the basis of the minimum coercive field at room temperature. The quasistatic hysteresis loops were measured at temperature from 20 to 650 °C. Subsequently, the optimally annealed alloys were subjected to long-term annealing at 500, 550 and 600 °C. Working temperature of 600°C is too high for the investigated alloys to maintain stable magnetic properties. Temperature of 550 or 500 °C permits the material to be magnetically stable for a long period. The magnetic hysteresis loops recorded for the nanocrystalline alloys, where Fe:Co ratio is close to 1 and refractory metals content is 7 at.%, prove that coercive field increases slightly with temperature, but remains in the range of 20–40 A/m (depending on the alloy composition) from 20 to 550 °C. This proves that the investigated alloys, after optimisation of chemical composition, may be suitable for high temperature use. 相似文献
6.
The title compound (C14H8N2O7,M
r
=306.2) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca witha=6.962(1).b=24.688(1), andc=15.890(1)Å,V=2731.0 Å3,D
x
=1.489 g·cm–3 forZ=8,=0.98 mm–1,F(000)=1296,T=293 K. FinalR=0.053 for 1873 observed reflections. The structure was solved by direct methods. Approximately planar molecules lie perpendicular to the [100] direction and show partial stacking. The structure is the first example of a symmetric anhydride which does not retain the symmetry in the crystal state. The two independent nitro groups twist out of the ring planes by 10.5 and 14.8°, respectively. 相似文献
7.
The copper(II) complex [Cu(sat)], where Hsat is salicylidene-2-aminothiazole (bidentate Schiff - base), was studied in variety of solvents. In the solid state, the complex is black. It has been characterized by elemental analysis, solubility in common solvents, molar conductivity, and ultraviolet (UV) and visible (Vis) spectroscopy. The complex is easily soluble in common solvents such as chloroform, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and 1,4-dioxane. The known crystal structure of similar compounds shows planar coordination geometry for the copper center. Combined multitechnique experiments have been applied to confirm the structure of the complex in solutions. The molar conductivities indicate their nonelectrolyte properties in all these solvents. The spectroscopic measurements were used to study the coordination properties of donoratoms and their bonding abilities. 相似文献
8.
B. Kowalczyk 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2000,60(1):163-166
The comparison of thermal and calorimetric properties of metal derivatives of 6-aminopicolinic acid (APH) is presented. The
salts and complexes of APH with Cr(III), Cd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Co(II)and Ag(I) have been studied by TG-DTA and DSC
methods up to 1200°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Decomposition processes are proposed. The decarboxylation, deamination and
carbonation of the organic fragments of molecules take place. The compounds decompose to metal or to metal oxides. The values
of the transition enthalpy were determinated.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
10.
Czechowski F Golonka I Jezierski A 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2004,60(6):1387-1394
The lignins separated from angiosperm and gymnosperm trees, peat and xylitic brown coal were investigated by quantitative EPR. Observed free radicals in lignins are sensitive to alkaline environment. Gaseous ammonia interacting with solid lignins in resonance cavity shifts quinone-hydroquinone equilibria towards formation of semiquinone anions. Complexation of copper(II) by lignins causes drastic decrease of the semiquinones in the matrices. Formation of lignin-Pb(II) complexes yielded radicals characterised by unusually low g-value (1.9999-2.0003). Monomeric structural units of the investigated lignins were recognised by pyrolysis with in situ methylation by tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Although for the natural lignins the mixture of normal semiquinone signals at g about 2.0034 and signals at g 1.9999 were observed, some monomeric components of lignins (e.g., caffeic acid, pyrogallol) gave pure lines at g = 1.9999. The bacterial oxidative biodegradation of lignin monomeric components and their Pb(II) complexes resulted in increase of the radical signals. 相似文献