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排序方式: 共有531条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
María G. Armentano Ricardo G. Durn 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2003,19(5):653-664
In this article we analyze the effect of mass‐lumping in the linear triangular finite element approximation of second‐order elliptic eigenvalue problems. We prove that the eigenvalue obtained by using mass‐lumping is always below the one obtained with exact integration. For singular eigenfunctions, as those arising in non convex polygons, we prove that the eigenvalue obtained with mass‐lumping is above the exact eigenvalue when the mesh size is small enough. So, we conclude that the use of mass‐lumping is convenient in the singular case. When the eigenfunction is smooth several numerical experiments suggest that the eigenvalue computed with mass‐lumping is below the exact one if the mesh is not too coarse. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 19: 653–664, 2003 相似文献
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Ilaria Fratoddi Chiara Battocchio Alessandra L. Groia Maria V. Russo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(15):3311-3329
The reactivity of square planar palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes in trans or cis configuration, namely trans or cis‐[dichlorobis(tributylphosphine)platinum(II)] and trans‐[dichlorobis(tributylphosphine)palladium(II)] with 1,1′‐bis(ethynyl) 4,4′‐biphenyl, DEBP, leading to π‐conjugated organometallic oligomeric and polymeric metallaynes, was investigated by a systematic variation of the reaction conditions. The formation of polymers and oligomers with defined chain length [? M(PBu3)2 (C?C? C6H4? C6H4? C?C? )]n (n = 3–10 for the oligomers, n = 20–50 for the polymers) depends on the configuration of the precursor Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes, the presence/absence of the catalyst CuI, and the reaction time. A series of model reactions monitored by XPS, GPC, and NMR 31P spectroscopy showed the route to modulate the chain growth. As expected, the nature of the transition metal (Pt or Pd) and the molecular weight of the polymers markedly influence the photophysical characteristics of the polymetallaynes, such as optical absorption and emission behavior. Polymetallaynes with nanostructured morphology could be obtained by a simple casting procedure of polymer solutions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 3311–3329, 2007 相似文献
5.
Giampiero Bettinetti Milena Sorrenti Laura Catenacci Franca Ferrari Silvia Rossi Ilaria Salvadeo Paolo Carraro 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2007,57(1-4):329-332
Triacetyl α-cyclodextrin, triacetyl β-cyclodextrin and triacetyl γ-cyclodextrin were tested as possible hydrophobic carriers
to prolong the release of hydrophilic teicoplanin (TCP). Physical–chemical characterization of individual components, drug-carrier
physical mixtures at 0.5, 0.67 and 0.75 mass fraction of carrier, and the respective interaction products by kneading or evaporative
crystallization under microwave irradiation was carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA). In vitro drug release in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer at 37 °C was determined by intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR)
measurements on non disintegrating compressed discs. Solid-state interactions of TCP with triacetyl α-cyclodextrin by evaporative
crystallization and kneading and with triacetyl β-cyclodextrin by evaporative crystallization (probably resulting in carrier
amorphization) were demonstrated. The role of carrier hydrophobicity, carrier mass fraction and preparation method of solid
drug-carrier combinations on solid-state drug-carrier interactions and slowing down of TCP release was assessed. Modulation
of drug release can be achieved using TCP-triacetyl γ-cyclodextrin combinations at 0.5 mass fraction of carrier. 相似文献
6.
Ilaria Serafini Livia Lombardi Claudia Fasolato Manuel Sergi Francesca Di Ottavio Fabio Sciubba 《Natural product research》2019,33(7):1040-1051
AbstractIn this paper, the application of a multi-analytical approach for the characterisation of synthetic and natural dyes in a historical textile is presented. The work is focused on a historical dress of a Sicilian noblewoman, dating from about 1865–1870. Firstly, SERS on fibre was performed, in order to individuate the classes of dyes employed. The SERS spectra suggested the presence of two main dyes: mauveine and orcein. In order to confirm these preliminary results, two different extraction protocols were applied. The extracts obtained were analysed by ESI-MS, MALDI-ToF and UHPCL-MS analyses, confirming the SERS results. In particular, the application of the ammonia mild extraction technique allowed to selectively extract the phenoxazonic dyes, separating them already in the extraction step from the synthetic ones. Thanks to this multi-analytical approach, this dress could be considered as one of the first examples of employment of synthetic dyes in association with natural ones. 相似文献
7.
Ilaria AdamoFabio Benedetti Federico BertiGiorgio Nardin Stefano Norbedo 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(51):9095-9097
4-Acyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles are formed from diethylaluminum azide and α′-(N,N-dibenzylamino)-α,β-unsaturated ketones by [3+2] cycloaddition of azide, followed by 1,5 hydride transfer to the β carbon of the triazoline side chain and fragmentation of the tertiary amino group promoted by coordination of the latter to the Lewis acid. The structure of a triazole product is confirmed by X-ray crystallography. 相似文献
8.
Ilaria Fratoddi Maurizio Delfini Michael B. Hursthouse Maria V. Russo 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2006,691(26):5920-5926
The synthesis and characterization of a tetranuclear Pt complex, cis-trans-cis-trans tetra[μ-2,6-diethynyl-4-nitroaniline-bis(tri(p-tolyl)phosphine) platinum(II)], namely [L2Pt-DENA]4 with L = tri-p-tolylphosphine, is reported. The complex was obtained by the dehydrohalogenative condensation of 2,6-diethynyl-4-nitroaniline (DENA) with cis-[dichlorobis(tri(p-tolyl)phosphine)platinum(II)]. The single crystal structure determination of [L2Pt-DENA]4 indicated the formation of a neutral molecular cycle with four alternating platinum units in cis and trans configurations, all bridged with DENA spacers with the presence of solvent (toluene) crystallization molecules. A twisted tetranuclear cyclic feature was identified. The formation of intermolecular stacks of the tetranuclear complex in solution was assessed by means of nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY) and rotating frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY) characterizations. 相似文献
9.
Armentano D De Munno G Mastropietro TF Julve M Lloret F 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(31):10778-10779
Intermolecular proton transfer in solid phase from the hydroxo bridge to a water molecule occurs in a new mu-hydroxo iron(III) compound of formula {EtNH3[Fe2(ox)2Cl2(mu-OH)].2H2O}n leading to a still crystalline compound in which the mu-oxo bridge replaces the mu-hydroxo one. Both three-dimensional compounds exhibit magnetic ordering at Tc ca. 70 K due to a spin canting. 相似文献
10.
Laganà A Curini R D'Ascenzo G De Leva I Faberi A Pastorini E 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2003,17(10):1037-1043
A reliable, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method has been developed to determine four trichothecene mycotoxins (nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, fusarenon X and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol) in maize. Sample preparation was performed by extracting the analytes with a mixture of acetonitrile and water, followed by a solid-phase extraction with Carbograph-4 cartridges as the purification step. For the LC/MS/MS analysis two interfacing systems, Turbo IonSpray (TISP) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), were compared in both negative and positive ion modes. LC and MS parameters were optimized to achieve better results and sensitivity. The effect of mobile phase modifiers such as ammonium acetate and formic acid on the ionization yield was also evaluated. The best results were obtained using the electrospray ionization (ESI) interface in negative ion mode and the multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) for the quantitation. The detection limits ranged between 10 ng/g for fusarenon X and 1.5 ng/g for deoxynivalenol. A linear working range was achieved with a standard deviation between 3 and 10% and recovery rates from the maize samples above 81%. The procedure was applied to the analysis of a set of maize samples collected from farms located in different areas of northern and central Italy. The investigated samples turned out to be contaminated primarily with deoxynivalenol and, to a minor extent, with its derivatives. 相似文献