Regioselective Reaction of N1-Benzyl-N2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanediamide and Acetylenic Esters

The regioselective reaction of N¹-benzyl-N²-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanediamide with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates or alkyl propiolates in the presence of triphenylphosphine leads to dialkyl 4-benzylamino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2,3-dicarboxylates or alkyl 4-benzylamino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-oxo-5-pyrrolidinecarboxylates in good yields.     

Dynamics of photon–photon entanglement in a bimodal nonlinear nanocavity

The photon–photon entanglement dynamics in a bimodal nanocavity, filled with a centrosymmetric nonlinear medium, is studied. In the present study, we have included the first and third order susceptibilities, giving rise to linear and the Kerr-type couplings. With no restrictions placed on the relative strength of these effects, we prove that the corresponding Hamiltonian is block-diagonal, each with ever-growing dimensions. We then show that, depending upon the initial total photon number, one needs to diagonalize a specific low-dimensional block, leading to the time evolution operator. Consequently, the time-evolution of the von Neumann entropy, as a measure of entanglement, is determined. From an analysis of the von Neumann entropy, we show that the entanglement exhibits oscillations, with plateaus, whose characteristics (period, duration, … ) strongly depend upon the strength of third order susceptibility. Moreover, it is shown that the entanglement is enhanced as the linear coupling is increased. The effect of detuning between photon's frequencies is also discussed.     

Using a Natural Surfactant for Synthesize of NiO and CuO Nanostructures via Simple and Fast Microwave Approach

NiO and CuO nanostructures were synthesized successfully via simple and fast microwave approach. Olive oil was chose as surfactant for stabilizing nanostructures. Different parameters such as microwave time and power and olive oil concentration were investigated on product size and morphology. The products were characterized with X-ray diffraction pattern, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry analysis.     

Detectability conditions for output-only subspace identification

ABSTRACT

The scope of output-only/blind identification is restricted to stochastic/statistical processes, but for the first time in this study, the detectability conditions for general output-only subspace identification are investigated. This aids the range of input sources to be extended in a much realistic manner, beyond the only stochastic inputs. For this purpose, the subspace framework is assigned to make a connection between the output signal contents and the LTI system order. A few substantial hypotheses and algebraic statements are propounded affirming the sufficiency of the genuine output sequences for the identification purpose. This can be perceived as the cornerstone of state-space model reconstruction. In order to consolidate the notions according to reality, several examples are studied and examined for different input classes with stochastic disturbance.     

Conversion of Thiols to Disulfides Using a Hexamethylenetetramine-Bromine Complex

Hexamethylenetetramine-bromine complex, a yellow-orange, very stable homogeneous solid, affects a mild and fairly general conversion of thiols to disulfides.