全文获取类型
收费全文 | 369篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 194篇 |
晶体学 | 3篇 |
力学 | 8篇 |
数学 | 73篇 |
物理学 | 106篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 24篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 18篇 |
2008年 | 19篇 |
2007年 | 15篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 4篇 |
1939年 | 1篇 |
1935年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有384条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Potential for micromachined actuation of ultra-wide continuously tunable optoelectronic devices 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H. Hillmer J. Daleiden C. Prott F. Römer S. Irmer V. Rangelov A. Tarraf S. Schüler M. Strassner 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2002,75(1):3-13
Tailored scaling represents a principle of success that, both in nature and in technology, allows the effectiveness of physical
effects to be enhanced. Mutation and selection in nature are imitated in technology, e.g. by model calculation and design.
Proper scaling of dimensions in natural photonic crystals and our fabricated artificial 1D photonic crystals (DBRs, distributed
Bragg reflectors) enable efficient diffractive interaction in a specific spectral range. For our optical microsystems we illustrate
that tailored miniaturization may also increase the mechanical stability and the effectiveness of spectral tuning by thermal
and electrostatic actuation, since the relative significance of the fundamental physical forces involved considerably changes
with scaling. These basic physical principles are rigorously applied in micromachined 1.55-μm vertical-resonator-based devices.
We modeled, implemented and characterized 1.55-μm micromachined optical filters and vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
devices capable of wide, monotonic and kink-free tuning by a single control parameter. Tuning is achieved by mechanical actuation
of one or several air-gaps that are part of the vertical resonator including two ultra-highly reflective DBR mirrors of strong
refractive index contrast: (i) Δn=2.17 for InP/air-gap DBRs (3.5 periods) using GaInAs sacrificial layers and (ii) Δn=0.5
for Si3N4/SiO2 DBRs (12 periods) with a polymer sacrificial layer to implement the air-cavity. In semiconductor multiple air-gap filters,
a continuous tuning of >8% of the absolute wavelength is obtained. Varying the reverse voltage (U=0–5 V) between the membranes
(electrostatic actuation), a tuning range of >110 nm was obtained for a large number of devices. The correlation of the wavelength
and the applied voltage is accurately reproducible without any hysteresis. In two filters, tuning of 127 and 130 nm was observed
for about ΔU=7 V. The extremely wide tuning range and the very small voltage required are record values to the best of our
knowledge. For thermally actuated dielectric filters based on polymer sacrificial layers, Δλ/ΔU=-7 nm/V is found.
Received: 10 May 2002 / Published online: 8 August 2002 相似文献
2.
Georgi R. Grozev 《Numerische Mathematik》1989,56(4):331-343
Summary LetLM
N be the set of allL-monosplines withN free knots, prescribed by a pair (x;E) of pointsx = {x
i
}
1
n
,a <x
1 < ... <x
n
<b and an incidence matrixE = (e
ij
)
i=1
n
,
r-1
j=0
with
Denote byLM
N
O
the subset ofLM
N consisting of theL-monosplines withN simple knots (n=N). We prove that theL-monosplines of minimalL
p-norms inLM
N belong toLM
N
O
.The results are reformulated as comparison theorems for quadrature formulae. 相似文献
3.
Georgi E. Chernev Bisserka I. Samuneva Petar R. Djambaski Isabel M. M. Salvado Helena V. Fernandes 《Central European Journal of Chemistry》2006,4(1):81-91
In this work we present experimental results about the formation, properties and structure of sol — gel silica based biocomposite
containing Calcium alginate as an organic compound. Two different types of silicon precursors have been used in the synthesis:
tetramethylortosilicate (TMOS) and ethyltrimethoxysilane (ETMS). The samples have been prepared at room temperature. The hybrids
have been synthesized by replacing different quantitis of the inorganic precursor with alginate. The structure of the obtained
hybrid materials has been studied by XRD, IR Spectroscopy, EDS, BET and AFM. The results proved that all samples are amorphous
possessing a surface area from 70 to 290 m2/g. It has also been established by FT IR spectra that the hybrids containing TMOS display Van der Walls and Hydrogen bonding
or electrostatic interactions between the organic and inorganic components. Strong chemical bonds between the inorganic and
organic components in the samples with ETMS are present. A self-organized nanostructure has been observed by AFM. In the obtained
hybrids the nanobuilding blocks average in size at about 8–14 nm for the particles. 相似文献
4.
5.
Krause M Popov VN Inakuma M Tagmatarchis N Shinohara H Georgi P Dunsch L Kuzmany H 《The Journal of chemical physics》2004,120(4):1873-1880
Metal-carbon cage vibrations of crystalline endohedral D2d-M2@C84 (M=Sc,Y,Dy) dimetallofullerenes were analyzed by temperature dependent Raman scattering and a dynamical force field model. Three groups of metal-carbon cage modes were found at energies of 35-200 cm(-1) and assigned to metal-cage stretching and deformation vibrations. They exhibit a textbook example for the splitting of molecular vibrations in a crystal field. Induced dipole-dipole and quadrupole-quadrupole interactions account quantitatively for the observed mode splitting. Based on the metal-cage vibrational structure it is demonstrated that D2d-Y2@C84 dimetallofullerene retains a monoclinic crystal structure up to 550 K and undergoes a transition from a disordered to an ordered orientational state at a temperature of approximately 150 K. 相似文献
6.
The mechanism of the keto-enol tautomerism of malonaldehyde was studied by ab initio methods using 6-21G** and 6-311G** basis functions at the HF level. Two separate mechanisms were examined: through-space proton transfer in the ω-shaped form and through-space proton transfer in a sickle-shaped form obtained from the ω form by rotation. The transition state structure of the ω form is non-planar, whereas that of the sickle form is planar. The sickle form is connected with a 2nd order saddle, indicating that there should exist a lower energy barrier, i.e. that the through-bond mechanism may be preferred. The calculated energy barriers of keto-enol tautomerism for the sickle form is twice as high as those for the omega form. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.