Property (<Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis>) and rigidity for actions on Banach spaces

We study property (T) and the fixed-point property for actions on L ^p and other Banach spaces. We show that property (T) holds when L ² is replaced by L ^p (and even a subspace/quotient of L ^p ), and that in fact it is independent of 1≤p<∞. We show that the fixed-point property for L ^p follows from property (T) when 1<p< 2+ε. For simple Lie groups and their lattices, we prove that the fixed-point property for L ^p holds for any 1< p<∞ if and only if the rank is at least two. Finally, we obtain a superrigidity result for actions of irreducible lattices in products of general groups on superreflexive spaces. Bader partially supported by ISF grant 100146; Furman partially supported by NSF grants DMS-0094245 and DMS-0604611; Gelander partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0404557 and BSF grant 2004010; Monod partially supported by FNS (CH) and NSF (US).     

Dehydrogenation of propane on aluminoplatinum catalysts modified with Re,Zr, Sc,and Sn

The effect of addition of Re, Zr, Sc, and Sn on an aluminoplatinum catalyst in the reaction of dehydrogenation of propane was investigated. It was shown that addition of 0.2–0.5% Zr, Sc, or Re virtually does not alter the catalytic properties of the aluminoplatinum catalyst (APC); addition of 0.2% Sn increases the activity, selectivity, and stability of Pt/Al₂O₃. The amount of coke deposited on the APC after the first 5 min of work decreases by three times in the presence of Sn. The coke is more enriched with hydrogen than the other systems formed on the surface of Pt-Sn/Al₂O₃.Deceased.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 765–771, April, 1991.     

Metal complexes in the catalytic reactions of olefins. 1. Comparison of the catalytic properties of triphenylphosphine nickel complexes both individually and heterogenized on Al2O3 in the dimerization of ethylene

Conclusions By studying the liquid-phase dimerization of ethylene in the presence of Cat-Et₃Al₂-Cl₃ catalytic systems based on a nickel complex heterogenized on Al₂O₃ and a number of model nickel complexes, a similar activity and selectivity of the process has been established (Cat=NiPPh₃(CO)₂L, where L=PPh₃, CO, Al₂O₃; Ni(PPh₃)₂(CO)₂; Ni(PPh₃)₂(₂-C₂H₄); Ni[P(C₆H₁₁)₃]₂(H)Cl and Ni(PPh₃)(Et)Cl).The results of the investigation agree with the hypothesis that mono- and diolefinic nickel complexes are formed as the active intermediates in the reaction.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2466–2469, November, 1988.     

Amide interactions in chlorinated solvents

Enthalpies of solution and of transfer of amides for the solvents chloroform (CHCl₃), methylenechloride (CH₂Cl₂), carbontetrachloride (CCl₄), cyclohexane (C₆H₁₂), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), and ethylacetate (EtOAc) have been used to isolate and quantify the solvation interactions of amides in chlorinated solvents. Specific interactions at the aminde carbonyl and N–H groups have been identified. An analysis of the transfer enthalpies of pyrrole and methylpyrrole from cyclohexane to the chlorinated solvents shows that specific interactions between the pyrroles and these solvents are similar in nature. A means of calculating differences in the transfers of different solutes between the same solvent pair is given.Work done at Lebanon Valley College.     

Metal complexes in catalytic transformations of olefins. 6. Mechanism of formation and characteristics of the precursors of active centers of ethylene dimerization to butene-1 in the Ti(O-n-Bu)4-AlEt3 system in ethers

Reaction of Ti(O-n-Bu)₄ (TBT) with AlR₃ (R = Me, Et,i-Bu) in solvents such as R₂O, Py, and Et₃N, reduces Ti(IV) to Ti(III), Ti(II), or Ti(I). The organotitanium compounds formed by the reaction of TBT with organoaluminum compounds (OAC) undergo homolytic decomposition at the bond in Ti-C. Isotopic exchange analysis using C₂D₄ suggested the formation of particles containing Ti-CH₂CH₂-Ti, Al-CH₂CH₂-Al, Al-CH₂CH₂-Ti, M=CHCH₃, and MMCHCH₃ (M, M = Al or Ti) fragments. An ESR spectral analysis established that reaction of TBT with TEA in R₂O, Py, and Et₃N environments produced two types of paramagnetic complexes, precursors of active centers of ethylene dimerization. The influence of various factors on the kinetics of accumulation and consumption of these complexes was investigated and their structures are suggested.Deceased.N. D. Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117913 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 7, pp. 1516–1525, July, 1992.     

A comparative investigation of the fatty acid compositions of the seeds of a number of lines of a genetic collection of Gossypium hirsutum

A comparative analysis has been made of the amounts of lipids and their fatty-acid compositions in the seeds of the lines of agenetic collection of cotton plants of the speciesGossypium hirsutum and their hybrids and the variety Tashkent-1. The results obtained on the fatty-acid compositions of some hybrids make it possible to recommend the use of individual lines of cotton plants as donors for improving the food-value indices of cottonseed oil.Institute of Chemsitry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 173–176, March–April, 1991.     

Thermal and Sc(OTf)3 catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of open-chain nitrones to α,β-unsaturated lactones: combined experimental and computational studies

The stereoselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of C-phenyl open-chain nitrones and α,β-unsaturated γ- and δ-lactones was investigated under thermal and catalytic conditions. It was found that under thermal conditions, the endo approach of the reactants was preferred leading to the thermodynamic product. In the presence of Sc(OTf)₃ the exo adduct was obtained in high yield and selectivity. The energies of the cycloaddition reactions were investigated by means of molecular orbital calculations at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) and MP3/6-31+G(d,p) theory level. Different reaction channels and reactant approaches, fitting the individual regio- and stereochemical preferences, are discussed. The computational results were compared with the corresponding experimental data and found to be in good agreement.     

Sugar-derived cyclic imines: one-pot synthesis and direct functionalization

A simple method for the synthesis of sugar-derived imines by a Schwartz's reagent reduction of easily available sugar lactams has been described. A direct addition of nucleophiles to the generated in situ cyclic imines and subsequent deprotection of hydroxyl function allows to convert sugar lactams in polyhydroxylated pyrrolidines and piperidines.