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1.
The interaction of triethylgallium (TEG) with the Ga-stabilized GaAs(100) surface in the presence of In and Al has been investigated using AES (Auger electron spectroscopy), HREELS (high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy) and TDS (thermal desorption spectroscopy) techniques. Al is shown to greatly increase the saturation surface coverage of TEG on the surface and to suppress the desorption of TEG and diethylgallium (DEG). Etching of the surface Al by TEG is observed, resulting in the formation of gas phase Al organic species. Alkyl migration from GA to Al centres occurs, and the presence of Al substantially enhances the irreversible deposition of C. In is found to enhance DEG desorption and to lower the temperature at which absorbed ethyl groups decompose to gas phase ethene. Computer modelling has been carried out to extract kinetic parameters from measured thermal desorption spectra. These parameters are then used to calculate expected partial growth rates of GaAs during the growth of GaxAl1−xAs and GaxIn1−xAs using TEG. The data provide a molecular level understanding of the GaAs pa rtial growth rate variations arising during the deposition of III–V ternary materials. 相似文献
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A gas-phase electron-diffraction study of the product of rearrangement of N,N-dichloro-perfluoroaniline has assisted in establishing it to be the N-chloroimine, I, rather than the azepine, II. The molecule is found to be planar apart from atoms Cl13 and F14. The detailed dimensions shown in Fig. 2 were obtained by least-squares refinements in which several structural constraints were applied to reduce the total number of independent parameters. Of particular interest is the evidence for overcrowding around the CN bond: ∠N7C1C2 = 128°, ∠C18N7C1 = 126°, ∠N7C1C6 = 118° ; the distance C18 β F9 is 2.73 Å. 相似文献
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E.H. Appelman B. Beagley D.W.J. Cruickshank A. Foord S. Rustad V. Ulbrecht 《Journal of Molecular Structure》1976,35(1):139-148
The molecular structure of FBrO3 has been studied by gas-phase electron diffraction. Least-squares refinements of the molecular geometry using fixed spectroscopic amplitudes revealed two geometrical minima. Initially, the amplitudes employed were derived from diagonal force fields obtained by spectroscopic least-squares refinements to fit observed and calculated wave numbers; for each geometry there are two spectroscopic minima. In the lowest geometrical minimum the wave number agreement is poor, however, the introduction of the ∠OBrO/∠FBrO interaction force constant removed the discrepancies; the resulting force field is F(Br-O) = 6.92 ± 0.02 mdyn Å?1F(Br-F) = 3.22 ± 0.03 mdyn Å?1, F(∠OBrO) = 1.06 ± 0.02 mdyn Å, F(∠FBrO) = 0.81 ± 0.03 mdyn Å, F(∠OBrO/∠FBrO) = ?0.19 ± 0.02 mdyn Å. In the corresponding geometrical minimum rg(Br-O) = 1.582 ± 0.001 Å, rg(Br-F) = 1.708 ± 0.003 Å, rα(∠OBrO) = 114.9 ± 0.3°, rα(∠FBrO) = 103.3 ± 0.3°. Perpendicular amplitude correction coefficients, calculated for each force field employed, were used throughout to relate the interatomic distances through the rα-structure. The geometries of the rαo- and re-structures are estimated. 相似文献
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A 16-parameter force field for OCS based on curvilinear coordinates is presented in table 2 and the agreement between observed and calculated transitions and rotational constants is indicated in tables 4, 5 and 6. The computational approach differs from that of Morino and Nakagawa [2] and similar work on other molecules by other authors, in that perturbation theory is eschewed and the calculated vibrational transitions and rotational constants are derived via the numerical solution of a large matrix. The usual parameters xij , yijk , α i B and γ ij B are thereby rendered inappropriate intermediates. The approach also leads to estimates of B e - B 0 for each isotopic species and thence suggests equilibrium distances r CO = 1·155386(21) Å and r CS = 1·562021(17) Å. 相似文献
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A new, vectorial approach to fast correlation attacks on binary memoryless combiners is proposed. Instead of individual input sequences or their linear combinations, the new attack is targeting subsets of input sequences as a whole thus exploiting the full correlation between the chosen subset and the output sequence. In particular, the set of all the input sequences can be chosen as the target. The attack is based on a novel iterative probabilistic algorithm which is also applicable to general memoryless combiners over finite fields or finite rings. To illustrate the effectiveness of the introduced approach, experimental results obtained for random balanced combining functions are presentedMost of this work was done while he was with Rome CryptoDesign Center, Gemplus, Italy 相似文献
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The motion of a holonomic scleronomic non-conservative mechanicalsystem with minimal dissipation is considered. As applicationsof the theory several problems are studied in detail. 相似文献
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Luyun Jiang Sophi Shanmuganathan Geoffrey W. Nelson Seong Ok Han Heeyeon Kim I Na Sim John S. Foord 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2018,22(2):387-393
Advanced carbon materials formed from abundant biomass are an exciting and promising class for energy devices due to the clear advantages of low cost, sustainability and good physical and electrochemical properties. However, these materials typically do not compete well with their metal functionalised counterparts. In this work, we demonstrate that xCo(OH)2–(1?x)Ni(OH)2 with various Ni:Co ratios can be deposited onto biomass-derived carbon to make a hybrid inorganic-carbon electrode with tuneable physical features and electrochemical performance. These features were tuned by adjusting the Ni:Co ratio within precursor solutions. The electrodes had shown a capacitance ranging from 780.7 to 2041 F g?1, which is very close to the theoretical value for Ni(OH)2 (2365 F g?1). A hypothesis is presented to help explain this performance for a modified, biomass-derived carbon electrode. 相似文献