GC Analysis of the Fatty Acid Composition of Yak Kidney

To obtain valuable information for development of potential commercial products from yak kidney, which is usually treated as waste, the fatty acid composition of kidneys from yak reared in Gansu province, China, was investigated by gas chromatography. Fifteen different fatty acids were identified. The major fatty acids are oleic acid (33.3%), stearic acid (20.2%), and palmitic acid (18.4%). More interestingly, several important and essential fatty acids were also identified, including conjugated linoleic acid (2.94%), omega-3 fatty acids, for example docosahexaenoic acid (1.47%), eicosapentaenoic acid (1.11%) and alpha linolenic acid (0.37%), and omega-6 fatty acids, for example arachidonic acid (2.86%) and linoleic acid (1.98%). The results show that the fatty acid composition of yak kidney is of reasonable value and is suitable for further development of possible commercial products. This is the first report of the fatty acid profile of yak kidney.

     

Individual Surface‐Engineered Microorganisms as Robust Pickering Interfacial Biocatalysts for Resistance‐Minimized Phase‐Transfer Bioconversion

A powerful strategy for long‐term and diffusional‐resistance‐minimized whole‐cell biocatalysis in biphasic systems is reported where individually encapsulated bacteria are employed as robust and recyclable Pickering interfacial biocatalysts. By individually immobilizing bacterial cells and optimizing the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance of the encapsulating magnetic mineral shells, the encased bacteria became interfacially active and locate at the Pickering emulsion interfaces, leading to dramatically enhanced bioconversion performances by minimizing internal and external diffusional resistances. Moreover, in situ product separation and biocatalyst recovery was readily achieved using a remote magnetic field. Importantly, the mineral shell effectively protected the entire cell from long‐term organic‐solvent stress, as shown by the reusability of the biocatalysts for up to 30 cycles, while retaining high stereoselective catalytic activities, cell viabilities, and proliferative abilities.     

Growth of Hydrophilic CuS Nanowires via DNA‐Mediated Self‐Assembly Process and Their Use in Fabricating Smart Hybrid Films for Adjustable Chemical Release

Facile growth of CuS nanowires through self‐assembly and their application as building blocks for near‐infrared light‐responsive functional films have been demonstrated. It is found that DNA is a key factor in preparing the CuS material with defined nanostructure. An exclusive oriented self‐aggregate growth mechanism is proposed for the growth of the nanowires, which might have important implications for preparing advanced, sophisticated nanostructures based on DNA nanotechnology. By employing the hydrophilic CuS nanowire as an optical absorber and thermosensitive nanogel as guest reservoir inside alginate film, a new platform for the release of functional molecules has been set up. In vitro studies have shown that the hybrid film possesses excellent biocompatibility and the release rate of chemical molecules from the film could be controlled with high spatial and temporal precision. Our novel approach and the resulting outstanding combination of properties may advance both the fields of DNA nanotechnology and light‐responsive devices.     

Development of a DNA‐Templated Peptide Probe for Photoaffinity Labeling and Enrichment of the Histone Modification Reader Proteins

Histone post‐translational modifications (HPTMs) provide signal platforms to recruit proteins or protein complexes to regulate gene expression. Therefore, the identification of these recruited partners (readers) is essential to understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms. However, it is still a major challenge to profile these partners because their interactions with HPTMs are rather weak and highly dynamic. Herein we report the development of a HPTM dual probe based on DNA‐templated technology and a photo‐crosslinking method for the identification of HPTM readers. By using the trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4, we demonstrated that this HPTM dual probe can be successfully utilized for labeling and enrichment of HPTM readers, as well as for the discovery of potential HPTM partners. This study describes the development of a new chemical proteomics tool for profiling HPTM readers and can be adapted for broad biomedical applications.     

胶束电动色谱法和微柱液相色谱法分析白藜芦醇的比较

白藜芦醇可以顺式和反式两种形式存在。它是一种具有药理活性的植物抗毒素,具有抗肿瘤、保护心血管、防止机体老化的功效。分别采用胶束电动色谱和微柱液相色谱两种方法对白藜芦醇的两种异构体进行了分离,并对这两种方法进行了比较。结果表明,两种方法均具有分离快速、重现性好、溶剂消耗少的特点,都适用于白藜芦醇的分析。     

Analysis of trans-Resveratrol in Grapes by Micro-High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Resveratrol, existing in two isomeric trans-and cis-forms, is a phytoalexin that has pharmacological activities, like anti-cancer and anti-cardiovascular diseases as well as life-span increasing properties. Grapes are good sources for resveratrol introduction in the human diet not only directly, but also through its products: wine. In the present work, trans-resveratrol determination and the separation of resveratrol isomers were investigated by the use of micro-high performance liquid chromatography. The analysis conditions were optimized. The baseline separation of trans-and cis-resveratrol was obtained. Further, a trans-resveratrol determination of some grapes growing in Shacheng, Huailai, Hebei province, China was carried out with our analytical method. The concentrations were 6.77 +/- 0.12 and 3.95 +/- 0.18 (microg/g fresh weight) for merlot and cabernet sauvignon grapes, respectively.     

THE NEIGHBORHOOD IN STABILIZING HIGHER PERIOD ORBITS FOR DISCRETE CHAOTIC DYNAMICS

1IntroductiollConsiderableattentionhasbeenpaidrecentlytothecontrolofchaoticsystem.Inthispaper,weuseappropriateperturbation(localfeedbackcontrol)tostabilizetheunstablehigherperiodicorbitswhichispresentedbyPaskatoet.al.[8].Ouraimistoinitiallypresenttheestimationofneighborhoodofaperiod-porbitinwhichthecontrolledsystemremainsstable.ConsiderthenonlineardiscretedynamicalsystemwherexuER'isthestatevariable,N4={no,no l,''3no6NU{0}},andfeC'(NAxR',R').Let2beperiod-ppoint,i.e.fi(n,~)=2,then{2,f(n,2)…     

Upconverting Nanoparticles with a Mesoporous TiO2 Shell for Near‐Infrared‐Triggered Drug Delivery and Synergistic Targeted Cancer Therapy

Malignant tumors remain a major health burden throughout the world and effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Herein, we report the synthesis of upconverting nanoparticles with a mesoporous TiO₂ (mTiO₂) shell for near‐infrared (NIR)‐triggered drug delivery and synergistic targeted cancer therapy. The NaGdF₄:Yb,Tm could convert NIR light to UV light, which activated the mTiO₂ to produce reactive oxygen species for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Due to the large surface area and porous structure, the mTiO₂ shell endowed the nanoplatform with another functionality of anticancer drug loading for chemotherapy. The hyaluronic acid modified on the surface not only promised controlled drug release but also conferred targeted ability of the system toward cluster determinant 44 overexpressed cancer cells. More importantly, cytotoxicity experiments demonstrated that combined therapy mediated the highest rate of death of breast carcinoma cells compared with that of single chemotherapy or PDT.     

Self‐Assembly of Multi‐nanozymes to Mimic an Intracellular Antioxidant Defense System

In this work, for the first time, we constructed a novel multi‐nanozymes cooperative platform to mimic intracellular antioxidant enzyme‐based defense system. V₂O₅ nanowire served as a glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimic while MnO₂ nanoparticle was used to mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Dopamine was used as a linker to achieve the assembling of the nanomaterials. The obtained V₂O₅@pDA@MnO₂ nanocomposite could serve as one multi‐nanozyme model to mimic intracellular antioxidant enzyme‐based defense procedure in which, for example SOD, CAT, and GPx co‐participate. In addition, through assembling with dopamine, the hybrid nanocomposites provided synergistic antioxidative effect. Importantly, both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that our biocompatible system exhibited excellent intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) removal ability to protect cell components against oxidative stress, showing its potential application in inflammation therapy.