Sorption Behaviour of Molybdenum on Different Antimonates Ion Exchangers

Various antimonate compounds are well known as important inorganic ion exchangers, since they resist radiation and chemical degradation and also exhibit selectivities towards different cations. Ceric, silicon, titanium and ferric antimonates were prepared as inorganic ion exchangers. Characterization of these materials has been described using different techniques, including thermal analysis, surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction and IR-spectroscopy. In batch distribution experiments the influence of HNO₃ molarity and Mo concentration for Mo sorption on different matrices is described in terms of their retention capacities and distribution coefficients.The selectivities of these exchangers towards molybdenum are in the order: CeSb > SiSb > FeSb > TiSb.     

Ion exchange behaviour of hydrous tin oxide: Kinetics of anion exchange

The kinetic behaviour of Cl(-), Br(-) and SCN(-) exchanges on hydrous tin oxide have been investigated under conditions of particle diffusion and the limited bath technique. Values for the diffusion coefficients, energy of activation and entropy of activation have been calculated. The data obtained have been compared with those reported for other organic and inorganic exchangers.     

First and second dissociation constants and related thermodynamic functions of adipic acid in various binary methanol/solvent systems

The First and second dissociation constants of adipic acid were determined by EMF measurements in water/methanol mixtures with 0, 30, 50 and 70 wt% organic cosolvent. Measurements were made at four different temperatures (ranging from 30 to 60 degrees C) using the cell: glass electrode/HCL (m(1)), H(2)L (m(2)), Na(2)CO(3) (m(3))/AgCl ((S)), Ag. The computations of these dissociation constants were based on the method of successive approximation by means of basic programmes. The thermodynamic properties (DeltaG degrees , DeltaH degrees and DeltaS degrees ) for first and second dissociation reactions of the acid under study, were computed, analyzed and discussed in terms of solute-solvent interactions.     

Synergism in the solvent extraction of samarium by thenoyltrifluoroacetone and triphenyl or trioctyl phosphine oxide mixture

Synergistic extraction of samarium with TTA(HA) and TPPO or TOPO (B) mixtures were investigated. The extracted complex was proved to have the general formula SmA₃ · 2B. A graphical determination for the formation constants of these complexes gave the values 3.9 × 10¹³ and 8.2 × 10¹⁰ for SmA₃ · 2TOPO and SmA₃ · 2TPPO in benzene, respectively.     

Technetium-99m generators based on neutron irradiated 12-molybdocerate as column matrix

Neutron irradiated 12-molybdocerate(IV) is evaluated as a column matrix for use in preparation of small chromatographic column type^99mTc generators. Greater than 87% of the generated^99mTc activity is immediately and reproducibly eluted with passing 10 cm³ of saline or chromated saline solutions through 3.0 g of molybdocerate column bed at flow rates of about 1.0 cm³/min. The elution performance of^99mTc does not drastically change with increasing the drying temperature and/or the particles sixe of the column matrix in the range investigated. Saline eluent containing 5·10^–5M CrO ₄ ^2– increases the radiochemical purity of the eluate to >98% TcO ₄ ^– . Radionuclidic and chemical purities of the eluates satisfy the specifications for use in nuclear medicine.     

Dibutyl N,N-dibutylcarbamoylmethylphosphonate extraction of Eu(III) from perchlorate and nitrate solutions

Dibutyl N,N,-dibutylcarbamoylmethylphosphonate (DBDBCMP) has been used in the extraction study of Eu(III) from low acidic solutions. The different parameters affecting the distribution ratio have been studied. The reaction is considered as a chelate interaction and the extracted species are Eu(OH)₂ DBDBCMP·2HDBDBCMP and Eu(NO₃)₂ DBDBCMP. HDBDBCMP from perchlorate and nitrate, respectively. The equilibrium constants corresponding to the different species formed are calculated and discussed. The effect of changing diluent on extraction capacity of the phosphonate is also studied and discussed.     

Promoting Effect of Soluble Polysaccharides Extracted from Ulva spp. on Zea mays L. Growth

Seaweeds can play a vital role in plant growth promotion. Two concentrations (5 and 10 mg/mL) of soluble polysaccharides extracted from the green macroalgae Ulva fasciata and Ulva lactuca were tested on Zea mays L. The carbohydrate and protein contents, and antioxidant activities (phenols, ascorbic, peroxidase, and catalase) were measured, as well as the protein banding patterns. The soluble polysaccharides at 5 mg/mL had the greatest effect on the base of all of the parameters. The highest effects of soluble polysaccharides on the Zea mays were 38.453, 96.76, 4, 835, 1.658, 7.462, and 38615.19, mg/mL for carbohydrates, proteins, phenol, µg ascorbic/mL, mg peroxidase/g dry tissue, and units/g tissue of catalase, respectively. The total number of protein bands (as determined by SDS PAGE) was not changed, but the density of the bands was correlated to the treatments. The highest band density and promoting effect were correlated to 5 mg/mL soluble polysaccharide treatments extracted from Ulva fasciata in Zea mays, which can be used as a biofertilizer.     

Musa sp. Leaves Extract Ameliorates the Hepato-Renal Toxicities Induced by Cadmium in Mice

Heavy metals intoxication causes several health problems that necessitate finding new protective and therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Musa sp. leaves extract (MLE) on hepato-renal toxicities induced by cadmium (Cd) in male mice. The phytochemical screening, metal chelating activity (MCA), and the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of MLE were determined. Fifty CD-1 male mice were used and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with MLE (1000 to 5000 mg/kg b.wt) for MLE LD₅₀ determination. Another 50 mice were used for evaluating the effect of MLE on Cd toxicity. Blood samples were collected for hematological, liver, and kidney functions assessments. Liver tissue homogenates were used for determination of oxidant/antioxidant parameters. Liver and kidney tissues were harvested for histopathological and molecular investigations. MLE showed potent in vitro antioxidant activities. The MCA and LD₅₀ of the MLE were 75 µg/mL and 3000 mg/kg b.wt, respectively. MLE showed beneficial therapeutic activity against hepato-renal toxicities in Cd-intoxicated mice, evidenced by improving the hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and molecular alterations.     

Extraction of Eu(III) and Co(II) by dihexyl N,N-diethyl carbamoyl methyl phosphonate (DHDECMP) and thenoyl trifluoroacetone (HTTA)

The extraction of Eu(III) has been carried out from nitrate solutionusing DHDECMP. Different parameters affecting the distribution of metal ionhave been studied. The distribution of Eu(III) was found to be first orderdependent on pH and second order with respect to [DHDECMP]. DHDECMP showedhigh stability towards -radiation dose up to 26.5 megarad. The extractionof Co(II) by either DHDECMP or HTTA from acetate solution showed that it issecond order dependent on both the extractant concentration and the pH. Basedon the data of the distribution ratio obtained and the calculated thermodynamicparameters; reaction mechanisms are suggested.