LOM and HOM damping study in a superconducting deflecting cavity for ALS at LBNL

Superconducting deflecting cavities can be used in synchrotron light source to generate subpicosecond X-ray pulses while the impedance of the lower order modes (LOM) and higher order modes (HOM) in the cavity should be kept below an accepted level to avoid beam instability. These modes can be damped by adding waveguide on beam pipe. Detailed simulation of Q in CST Microwave Studio is introduced and experiment results on an aluminum model cavity with damping waveguide are reported to make a comparison.     

Poisoning Deactivation of Mesoporous Titanosilicate-Supported WO<Subscript>3</Subscript> During Metathesis of Butene to Propene

Deactivation by poisoning is studied in the metathesis of 2-butene to propene on mesoporous titanosilicate-supported WO₃ (WO₃/MTS–9), for which we focus on the effect of polar organic oxygenates on the activity of the catalyst. It is found that deactivation is strongly influenced by these oxygenates in feedstock, and the rate of deactivation increases with the increase of the polarity of the organic oxygenates. The deactivation by poisoning is reversible. The deactivation catalyst can be recovered by treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere at a high temperature.     

Simulating and Experiment Investigation of the Coupling Factor for Waveguide Loaded Microwave Electornic Gun

To design the coupler of one kind of thermionic cathode microwave electronic gun, we apply the ``energy method'',which calculates the coupler factor between the waveguide and cavities of the electronic gun. So we can design the geometry size of the coupling iris. MAFIA code is used. Comparing with the experiment results,the simulating results is in agreement with measurement about 10%—30% deviation. ``Energy method'' is an efficient and simply method to calculate the coupler factor between cavities and waveguide.     

THE CURING BEHAVIOR OF DIGLYCIDYL-4, 5-EPOXYCYCLOHEXANE-1,2-DICARBOXYLATE

The curing behavior of diglycidyl-4, 5-epoxycyclohexane-1, 2-dicarboxylate with m-phenylenediamine has been studied by using torsional braid analysis. It is shown that the whole curing processproceeds in two stages, that is, curing reaction at temperatures below 100℃mainly occurs at the ali-phatic epoxy rings, whereas a rapid increase in reaction rate of the remaining cycloaliphatic epoxy ringoccurs only at temperatures above 130℃. Between the temperature range from 100℃to 130℃, the"full reaction" of the aliphatic epoxy rings is approximated, while the reaction rate of the cycloaliphaticepoxy ring begins to increase gradually. The maximum glass transition temperature (T_(g∞)) of the systemdoes not emerge before 220℃. The apparent activation energy is 13 .2 kcal/mole.     

Characterization of some boron minerals against neutron shielding and 12 year performance of neutron permeability

In this study, the nuclear radiation permeability properties of various boron minerals are evaluated because of their high neutron absorption and lowest transmission properties. Because of these properties boron minerals can be used at the area of neutron shielding. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses are done for the identification of the minerals, and then their B₂O₃ contents are determined experimentally. In addition, X-ray florescence (XRF) analyses are made for quantitative determination of calcium, iron, zinc and arsenic contents. The methods of Differential Thermal Analysis, Thermal Gravimetry (TG/DTA) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) are used for obtaining the enthalpy and weight changes with temperature. Additionally, neutron permeability experiments are conducted. From the experimental results, the highest boron oxide content was found in clay containing colemanite. Iron, zinc and arsenic contents were not affecting the neutron shielding. The lowest permeability is provided by the kurnakovite mineral. Also it is observed that all of the minerals show an increase in their permeability in 12 years. It can be stated that boron minerals, specifically kurnakovite, is determined to yield the lowest neutron permeability value and therefore, the use of these materials for neutron shielding would be suitable.     

微波电子枪外回路耦合度计算与实验研究

在热阴极微波电子枪的研制中, 为设计微波腔链与波导的耦合孔, 应用Derun Li等提出的``能量方法'进行模拟计算. 使用MAFIA计算微波电子枪第3腔与外回路馈电波导之间的耦合度, 从而设计连接波导与腔链的耦合孔, 使两者之间的耦合度满足需要. 该方法的计算结果与实验测量值的差别在10%—30%之间,满足 实际加工要求. 说明其对于驻波加速腔链与外回路耦合的设计计算是相当有效的.     

关于无机化学适应性教学的思考

当今社会,化学已悄然融入社会、技术和科学的各个领域,并且正在潜移默化地影响、改变着我们周围的世界和生活。根据21世纪对人才的知识结构、能力结构和基本素质要求,基础化学教育的任务,应摒弃传统的单纯的具体知识的传授,更多地应是侧重学生素质和能力的培养,强调科学思维、科学素质和创新精神,并将世界观、方法论的教育,智力和能力的提高融合于日常的教学中。化学学科中发展最早的一门分支科学——无机化学,是化工学院学生的第一门专业基础课。     

Co-pyrolysis behaviors and kinetics of plastics–biomass blends through thermogravimetric analysis

Co-pyrolysis behaviors of plastics–biomass blends were investigated using a thermogravimetric (TG) analysis from room temperature to 873 K with a heating rate of 5–40 K min^?1 in an inert atmosphere. The selected biomass sample was sawdust of pine wood (WS). Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and polypropylene (PP) were selected as plastic samples. The difference of mass loss between experimental and theoretical ones (calculated as arithmetic sums of those from each separated component) was used as a criterion of synergetic effect. The experimental results indicated that a significant synergetic effect existed during the high-temperature region of plastics and WS co-pyrolysis process, specially, the dehydrochlorination reaction of PVC and the degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose in the WS during the co-pyrolysis process showed synergetic effect, as well as the reaction of plastics (LDPE, HDPE, and PP) and WS. Based on the TG data with different heating rates, the kinetics parameters, especially activation energy, were calculated using the Friedman method. The activation energy of plastics, WS, and their blends were from 92.8 to 359.5 kJ mol^?1. The activation energy of the PVC–WS blends was at a range of 180.2–254.5 kJ mol^?1 in the second stages. The activation energies range of LDPE–WS, HDPE–WS, and PP–WS blends were 164.5–229.6, 213.2–234.3, and 198.4–263.6 kJ mol^?1, respectively.     

黄原胶热氧稳定性的研究

黄原胶(Xanthangum)是一种生物高分子化合物。它具有许多优异的性能,如:增粘性、悬浮性、耐酸碱等,并有很高的经济价值。对黄原胶的耐热性国外已有报导,KangK.S.等提到黄原胶加热至121℃、15分钟不失重。但黄原胶热稳定性如何、能耐多高的温度等尚未见报导。