排序方式: 共有21条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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变温红外光谱研究多嵌段聚氨脂脲的微相分离行为 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
用傅里叶变换红外光谱方法研究了热处理对由聚环氧丙烷聚醚多元醇、3.5-二乙基甲苯二胺和4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯组成的多嵌段聚氨酯脲(SPUU)的微相分离行为的影响.从室温逐步升温到310℃的过程中,氨基甲酸酯键(UT)之间形成的氢键大量解离,而脲键(UA)之间形成的、具有平面状双分叉结构的氢键在130~200℃范围却大量生成;从310℃缓慢冷却到室温后,部分游离的UT重新形成氢键,而硬段之间形成的UA氢键的含量又有所增加.结果表明:高温热处理可以有效地提高SPUU的微相分离程度. 相似文献
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采用实验室小型RIM机制备了一组不同芳香二胺扩链的嵌段聚氨酯-脲(PUU)弹性体,借助于IR、DSC、DMTA、SEM以及拉伸试验等测试手段对其结构与性能进行了研究.通过比较由MDA、DETDA以及CAMDA三种不同活性和结构的芳香二胺扩链剂与二异氰酸酯反应形成的硬链段对RIMPUU弹性体的结构与性能的影响,表明:MDA基RIMPUU中软、硬链段微区界面作用指数很小,微相分离程度却很大,其性能最差;DETDA基RIMPUU弹性体有理想的界面作用指数,以及适当的微相分离程度,其性能位于三者之中最佳.DMTA研究证实在一定的温度范围内DETDA基RIMPUU的模量稳定性最好. 相似文献
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溶剂在丁腈基聚氨酯中的溶解和扩散 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用石英弹簧法和示差扫描量热法 (DSC)、红外分光光度计 (FTIR)研究了苯、乙醇、丙酮、醋酸乙酯和1,2 二氯乙烷五种溶剂在端羟基聚丁二烯 丙烯腈共聚物为软段的聚氨酯中的溶解和扩散行为 .结果表明所有溶剂在丁腈聚氨酯中的扩散均为非费克扩散 ,且随着溶剂蒸汽压增大偏离费克扩散的程度增大 .相同相对蒸汽压下 1,2 二氯乙烷和醋酸乙酯偏离费克 (Fickian)扩散的程度较大 ,而乙醇、丙酮和苯则较小 ,这主要与它们和丁腈软段溶解度参数的极性分量和氢键分量有关 .1,2 二氯乙烷和苯在HTBN PU中的溶解度较高 ,而乙醇 ,醋酸乙酯和丙酮较低 ,主要与它们和丁腈软段溶解度参数的色散分量有关 .所有溶剂均表现出近似Flory Huggins型等温吸收曲线 .红外表明吸收溶剂后 ,氨基甲酸酯基团的氢键化程度有不同程度的下降 ,和溶剂与之形成氢键的能力大小有关 .力学性能表明非极性溶剂苯对材料的力学性能影响较小 ,而乙醇 ,醋酸乙酯和丙酮由于可与氨酯基团形成氢键 ,对原HTBN PU中氨酯键氢键的破坏大 ,力学性能下降大 相似文献
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丁苯、丁腈基聚氨酯的形态与性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用示差扫描量热法 (DSC)、红外分光光度计 (FTIR)和原子力显微镜 (AFM)研究了端羟基聚丁二烯 苯乙烯共聚物 (HTBS)、端羟基聚丁二烯 丙烯腈共聚物 (HTBN)和端羟基聚丁二烯 (HTPB)与甲苯二异氰酸酯、1 ,4 丁二醇构成的溶液法聚二烯烃基聚氨酯 (PU)的形态结构 .结果表明HTPB和HTBS基PU的相分离程度很大 ,而HTBN基PU的相分离程度小 .这可能归因于HTBS软段的极性低 ,不能与硬段形成氢键 ,而HTBN软段中的腈基具有很强的极性 ,且可以与硬段形成氢键作用 ,增加了软硬段间的相容性 ,相分离程度明显降低 .AFM表明HTBN PU随着硬段含量提高 ,表面粗糙度增大 ,由软段为连续相逐渐过渡到双连续结构 .在硬段含量 6 3%时 ,HTBN和HTPB基PU均呈双连续结构 ,而HTBS PU中硬段为连续相 .HTBN PU软段的相区尺寸在1 2nm左右 ,表面粗糙度较大 ,HPBS PU软段的相区尺寸在 1 1nm左右 ,表面粗糙度最小 ,HTPB PU存在 1 4nm和 5 0nm大小不等的软段相区尺寸 .力学性能表明 ,在软段中引入苯乙烯和丙烯腈结构 ,可使聚氨酯抗张强度分别提高 1 5和 2倍 ,模量和断裂伸长率也明显提高 相似文献
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The sorption and diffusion behavior of ethanol vapor in series of polyolefine based polyurethanes (PU) made from hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene/acrylonitrile (HTBN), hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene/styrene (HTBS) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) were investigated by using the quartz-spring, DSC, FTIR and AFM. The equilibrium absorption reduced with increasing content of hard segments for all the three types of PUs. The values of the maximum absorption were in the order of HTBN > HTBS > HTPB based PU and related to their composition. The non-Fickian diffusion was confirmed and the sorption was discovered mainly in the hard segments. The HTBN based PU revealed different sorption and diffusion behavior from the other two, which was resulted from its hydrogen bonding not only between ethanol and hard segments but also soft segments. The morphologies of PUs before and after ethanol absorption were also compared. The HTBN based PU showed the most evident phase re-congregation after ethanol absorption. 相似文献
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Effect of the content of urea groups on the particle size in water-borne polyurethane or polyurethane/polyacrylate dispersions 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A series of anionic water-borne polyurethane and polyurethane/polyacrylate dispersions and their paint films was prepared. It was found by using TEM that there were three phases in the polyurethane/polyacrylate film, i.e. the hard segment-rich phase and the soft segment-rich phase of polyurethane, and the polyacrylate phase. By increasing the content of urea groups, the glass transition temperature of the soft segments and the dissociation temperature of the long-distance ordering of the hard segments were raised. This should mean that the motion of macromolecular chains was hindered by increasing the content of urea groups, and the hydrophilic carboxyl groups embedded initially in macromolecular coils could thus not transfer easily to the particle surface, which resulted in a greater average particle size in the dispersion. 相似文献
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This paper studies the combination of rarefaction wave and shock wave for the hyperbolic conservation laws and establishes the local existence of such combination of waves in the multi-dimensional space. 相似文献
10.
Li Dening 《数学年刊B辑(英文版)》1987,8(4):408-424
In this paper, the author considers the general initial boundary value problem of hypierbolic-parabolic coupled system and gives the normal form of boundary conditions,
sufficient and necessary for the BVP and the conjugate BVP to be well- posed, Furthermore, the author proves the existence of differentiable solution in Sobolev spaces of high order. 相似文献