OPTIMAL INSTAR PARASITIZATION IN A STAGE STRUCTURED HOST-PARASITOID MODEL

A stage structured host-parasitoid model is derived and the equilibria studied. It is shown under what conditions the parasitoid controls an exponentially growing host in the sense that a coexistence equilibrium exists. Furthermore, for host populations whose inherent growth rate is not too large it is proved that in order to minimize the adult host equilibrium level it is necessary that the parasitoids attack only one of the larval stages. It is also proved in this case that the minimum adult host equilibrium level is attained when the parasitoids attack that larval stage which also maximizes the expected number of emerging adult parasitoid per larva at equilibrium. Numerical simulations tentatively indicate that the first conclusion remains in general valid for the model. However, numerical studies also show that it is not true in general that the optimal strategy will maximize the number of emerging adult parasitoid per larva at equilibrium.     

Multiparameter Polynomial Adaptive Stabilizers

In 1983 Morse proved, for unknown scalar one-dimensional linearsystems, the nonexistence of rational or polynomial universalstabilizers (UAS). In 1983, Nussbaum gave an example of an analyticUAS. In our paper, it is shown that there exist time-invariantpolynomial UAS's with multidimensional gain adaptation. Thedesign procedure is developed for linear, minimum-phase systemsof relative degree one. Convergence of the closed-loop systemis proved. Some numerical simulations are provided.     

Quantum tunneling times: A crucial test for the causal program?

It is generally believed that Bohm's version of quantum mechanics is observationally equivalent to standard quantum mechanics. A more careful statement is that the two theories will always make the same predictions for any question or problem that is well posed in both interpretations. The transit time of a particle between two points in space is not necessarily well defined in standard quantum mechanics, whereas it is in Bohm's theory since there is always a particle following a definite trajectory. For this reason tunneling times (in a scattering configuration through a potential barrier may be a situation in which Bohm's theory can make a definite prediction when standard quantum mechanics can make none at all. I summarize some of the theoretical and experimental prospects for an unambiguous comparison in the hope that this question will engage the attention of more physicists, especially those experimentalists who now routinely actually do gedanken experiments.     

A new ent-labdane eiterpenoid lactone from Andrographis paniculata

A new ent-labdane diterpenoid lactone with a new natural product was isolated from Andrographis paniculata. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidences including 2D NMR.     

Asymmetric synthesis of pedamide using I_2-induced heterocyclization to construct the skeleton

An alternative approach to synthesize pedamide,a key building block of pederin was described.Iodine-induced asymmetric heterocyclization was used as the key step to construct the skeleton,a tetrahydropyran ring with three chiral centers.Brown's asymmetric allylation and Lewis acid-mediated allylation were investigated to introduce chains and chiral alcohols.Sharpless dihydroxylation decorated the side chain.And high optically pure target was obtained by removing the epimers formed in these reactions on c...     

Microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of 3-substituted-3,4-dihydrocoumarins via tendem Konevenagel and Hantzsch reactions

A convenient route for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydrocoumarin derivates from salicylaldehyde derivates and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds under solvent-free microwave irradiation conditions was described. In this way, a range of compounds was obtained in moderate to good yields in a short reaction time.     

Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Mer-[RhBr3(Me2pzH)3] (Me2pzH?=?3, 5-Dimethylpyrazole); Interpreting the Results with Density Functional Theory Calculations

Abstract  

Mer-RhBr₃(Me₂pzH)₃ (Me₂pzH = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole) (monoclinic, P2₁/n, a = 8.3300 (5) Å, b = 16.2889 (9) Å, c = 15.9299 (11) Å, α = 90°, β = 100.217 (5)°, γ = 90°; V = 2,127.2 (2) ų; Z = 4) has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and electronic absorption spectroscopy, and modeled by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Mer-RhBr₃(Me₂pzH)₃ is an octahedral complex with a HOMO → LUMO transition at 486 nm. The DFT and TDDFT calculations predicted mer-RhBr₃(Me₂pzH)₃ to be an octahedral complex with a HOMO → LUMO transition at 540 nm.