Magnetic behavior of core–shell particles

We have prepared composite magnetic core–shell particles using the process of soap-free emulsion polymerization and the co-precipitation method. The shell of the synthesized composite sphere is cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) nanoparticles and the core consists of poly(styrene-co-methacrylic acid) polymer. The mean crystallite sizes of the coated CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were controlled in the range of 2.4–6.7 nm by the concentration of [NH₄⁺] and heated temperature. The magnetic properties of the core–shell spherical particles can go from superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic behavior depending on the crystalline sizes of CoFe₂O₄.     

Efficiency Enhancement of Coaxial-Cavity Electron Cyclotron Resonance Maser by Tapering Guide Magnetic Field

A coaxial-cavity cyclotron resonance maser (CRM) oscillator with tapered guide magnetic field is proposed. It is shown that the transmission quality can be improved by tapering the guide magnetic field. Simulation indicates that the efficiency of a millimeter-wave gyrotron oscillator may be reached up to 38.7% by optimizing the tapered magnetic field.     

Interaction between tetramethylcucurbit[6]uril with α-furaldehyde-isonicotinyl-hydrazone hydrochloride

Interaction between tetramethylcucurbit[6]uril (TMeQ[6], host) and the hydrochloride salt of α-furaldehyde-isonicotinyl-hydrazone hydrochloride (FIHH⁺, guest) was investigated using X-ray crystallography and spectroscopic methods. X-ray crystallography showed that the π–π stacking effect and hydrogen bonding resulted in the formation of a dumbbell-shaped supramolecule which contained two FIHH⁺@TMeQ[6] host–guest inclusion complexes. The host–guest interaction provided identifiable changes in the vibrational frequencies in the IR spectra. ¹H NMR spectral analysis established a similar interaction model and revealed that TMeQ[6] preferred to include the furan moiety over the pyridine moiety of the FIHH⁺ guest molecule. Absorption spectrophotometric analysis suggested that the host and guest interact in a ratio of 1:1 with a stability constant K _s = (3.52 ± 0.74) × 10⁶ l mol^? 1.pH titration confirmed that the host–guest interaction led to a clear change in the protonation constant of the title guest. Quantum chemical calculations were used to determine the possible mechanism of formation of the dumbbell-shaped complex.     

人血清中cTnI的化学发光酶免疫分析研究——实验条件的优化

采用高效化学发光试剂3-(2'-螺旋金刚烷)-4-甲氧基-4-(3"-羟基)苯-1,2-二氧杂环丁烷磷酸(AMPPD)作为检测底物, 并将传统的ELISA两步双抗夹心法改为一步法, 得到了高灵敏测定人血清中心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的化学发光酶免疫分析优化条件. 采用单因素变化法和方阵滴定法得到的最佳实验条件为: 捕获抗体包被浓度为10.0 μg/mL, 以pH=7.0的PBS作为免疫反应缓冲底液, 以含质量分数为1.0%的BSA pH=9.6的碳酸盐溶液缓冲液, 于4 ℃封闭过夜, 生物素-检测抗体(Biotin-IgG2)以及碱性磷酸酶-亲和素(ALP-Avidin)结合物均采用1:2000稀释度, 免疫反应条件为37 ℃, 孵育时间60 min, 以去离子水作为洗涤剂, 以1:100稀释的AMPPD作为发光反应底物, 发光反应时间10 min(37 ℃). 检出限为0.02 ng/mL, 比现行ELISA法灵敏度提高一个数量级; 测定周期约75 min, 比两步法ELISA快得多; 线性范围(0.04~36.20 ng/mL)比ELISA法扩宽了两个数量级; 加标回收率97.5%~102.8%, 对标准样品的测定结果与用ELISA法的测定结果吻合; 重复性好, 3个样品批内变异系数均小于8.5%(n=12).     

控制结晶-微波碳热还原法制备高密度LiFePO4/C

应用控制结晶法从溶液相制备球形FePO4.xH2O,再高温烧结得到FePO4前驱体,最后用微波碳热还原法合成高密度L iFePO4/C.由XRD和SEM表征该材料的结构、形貌,并测试其电化学性能.     

天然产物海洋联烯Xyloallenoid F的全合成

以丙炔醇为原料, 经Mannich反应、还原、溴化、Williamson合成法等共七步反应, 首次合成了从海洋真菌中分离的天然产物联烯Xyloallenoid F, 总收率25.4%, 目标化合物经IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, MS和元素分析进行测定和结构表征.     

熔盐电解SiO2/C直接制备SiC纳米线

采用纳米SiO₂和酚醛树脂为原料制备酚醛树脂裂解碳纳米SiO₂复合阴极(硅碳物质的量的比为1:1),直接电解PFC/SiO₂复合阴极,在900℃熔融盐CaCl₂中,恒槽压2.0V下电解,制备出碳化硅纳米线。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)及其附带的能谱仪、X射线分析衍射仪(XRD)和拉曼光谱(Raman)对产物的组成、形貌、微观结构等进行了表征。结果表明:碳化硅纳米线呈立方晶体结构,其直径为4~13nm,长可达数微米;室温下该纳米线在415nm和534nm附近有宽的发光峰。最后,讨论了碳化硅纳米线的生成机制。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水稻基质中阿维菌素残留量

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定水稻基质中阿维菌素残留量,考察了基质效应,并对实际样品进行了检测.稻田土、稻壳、糙米和稻杆经乙腈振荡提取,稻田水经乙酸乙酯液液分配提取后,用C18固相萃取小柱或弗罗里硅土柱净化,采用UPLC-MS/MS正离子扫描测定残留的阿维菌素.稻田土、稻田水和糙米的3种添加浓度(1.0,10.0和100 μg/kg或μg/L)的平均回收率为84％～107％,相对标准偏差为4.7％～13.6％.稻壳和稻杆的2档添加浓度(10.0和100 μg/kg)的平均回收率为90％和103％,相对标准偏差为8.4％～12.9％.本方法在稻田水、糙米和稻田土中的检出限为0.3μg/kg在稻壳和稻杆中检出限为3.0 μg/kg,低于欧盟和日本在稻米中制定的阿维菌素最大残留限量值.阿维菌素在2.0～100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好( r＞ 0.999).     

同时实现介电常数和磁导率为负的H型结构单元左手材料

基于用一种结构同时实现材料介电常数和磁导率为负的思想，提出了H型结构单元左手材料模型.采用矩形波导法测试表明，H型结构单元在微波频率范围出现左手透射峰，并且可以由参数t对左手特性区域进行调控.同时利用相位法、棱镜折射法和散射参量法从实验和理论证明了在左手透射峰区域材料的折射率为负值，介电常数和磁导率亦同时为负.相对由金属开口谐振环与金属线两种结构组合实现的左手材料，H型结构集磁谐振与电谐振于一体，结构简单、制备方便，对微波器件左手材料表现出更多的优越性.     

ns激光辐照ZrO2薄膜剥落的理论研究

在ns激光辐照光学薄膜温度分布的基础上，利用最大剪应力理论建立了光学薄膜发生迎光剥落的理论模型，得到了发生损伤相应的应力分布和膜层剥落半径与入射激光能量关系．通过数值分析，验证了理论模型与实验结果基本保持一致，膜层临界损伤阈值与实验结论在数量级上保持一致；剥落半径与入射能量关系曲线与实验结果基本吻合．指出薄膜的损伤形态与其附着力强度有着密切关系，只有当附着力强度小于某一定值（～9．4×10^4N／cm^2）时，才会发生剥落．