新工科背景下大型仪器培训体系的创新与实践——以扫描电镜为例

针对传统大型仪器培训体系存在的定位不准、内容不足、方案陈旧等局限性,结合“新工科”人才培养理念,围绕开放共享、科研导向、育人为本、安全高效的大型仪器培训方针,充分挖掘大型仪器设备的资源价值,释放科技资源潜力,初步建立了以扫描电镜为主体的远程培训、实体培训、应用培训、动态监管“四位一体”的新型大型仪器培训体系,形成了一个闭环的、高效的大型仪器培训管理模式,具有一定的推广和借鉴价值。     

Simulation of the relativistic backward wave oscillator with a sinusoidal guiding magnetic field

A simulation is carried out to investigate a relativistic backward wave oscillator (RBWO) with a sinusoidal guiding magnetic field. In the numerical simulation, a microwave output power of 1.33 GW at 9.57 GHz microwave frequency with 33% conversion efficiency is achieved. It is a significant attempt which is helpful for developing a practical high power microwave (HPM) source guided by a permanent magnetic field.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Macrocyclic Bisimidazolylidene Picrate Containing Two Silver(I) <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-heterocyclic Carbene Units

Abstract  

A novel macrocyclic silver(I)-NHC complex was prepared by the quaternization reaction and anion metathesization reaction from 1-(1H-Imidazole-1-yl)methylene-1H-1,2,4-triazole as starting material. Its molecular structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy, it crystallizes in triclinic space group P − 1 with a = 11.3286(10) ?, b = 11.4226(10) ?, c = 12.3987(12) ?, α = 79.0060(10)°, β = 82.1780(10)°, γ = 84.5930(10)°, V = 1556.5(2) ?³, z = 2. The silver ion was coordinated by the two carbene C atoms of two independent triazolylidene rings in linear geometry. A 20-membered macrometallacycle was formed through the bridged interaction between two silver ions and two carbene ligands. There are weak π–π interactions between two picrate anions or between picrate anion and triazolylidene ring.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2-Oxo-3-phenyl-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl 4-chlorobenzoate

The title compound 2-oxo-3-phenyl-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl 4-chloro-benzoate 6 (C22H19ClO4, Mr = 382.82) has been synthesized by the condensation reaction of 4-hydroxy-3-phenyl-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one 5 with 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 10.6749(11), b = 6.0573(7), c = 29.680(2) , β = 94.073(3)o, V = 1914.3(3) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.328 g/cm3, F(000) = 800, μ = 0.224 mm–1, S = 1.003, the final R = 0.0605 and wR = 0.1500 for 1828 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I) and 244 variable parameters. The crystal analysis shows that the molecular structure of the title compound has one planar furan ring, one chair conformation cyclohexane ring and two benzene rings. The furan and cyclohexane rings adopt whorl conformations.     

Preparation of Cu（In,Ga）Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells by Selenization of Metallic Precursors in an Ar Atmosphere

Cu（In, Ga）Se2 thin films are deposited on Mo-coated glass substrates by Se vapour selenization of sputtered metallic precursors in the atmosphere of Ar gas flow under a pressure of about 10 Pa. The in situ heat treatment of as-grown precursor leads to the formation of a better alloy. During selenization, the growth of CuInSe2 phase preferably proceeds through Se-poor phases as CuSe and InSe at relatively low substrate temperature of 250℃, due to the absence of In2Se3 at intermediate stage at low reactor pressure. Subsequently, the Cu（In,Ga）Se2 phase is produced by the reactive diffusion of CuInSe2 with a Se-poor GaSe phase at high temperature of up to 560℃. The final film exhibits smooth surface and large grain size. The absorber is used to fabricate a glass/Mo/Cu（In, Ga）Se2/CdS/ZnO cell with the total-area efficiency of about 7%. The low open-circuit voltage value of the cell fabricated should result from the nonuniform distribution of In and Ga in the absorber, due to the diffusion-controlled reaction during the phase formation. The films, as well as devices, are characterized.     

Self-Injection and Acceleration of Monoenergetic Electron Beams from Laser Wakefield Accelerators in a Highly Relativistic Regime

Self-injection and acceleration of monoenergetic electron beams from laser wakefield accelerators are first investigated in the highly relativistic regime, using 100 TW class, 27 fs laser pulses. Quasi-monoenergetic multi- bunched beams with energies as high as multi-hundredMeV are observed with simultaneous measurements of side-scattering emissions that indicate the formation of self-channelfing and self-injection of electrons into a plasma wake, referred to as a ＇bubble＇. The three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations confirmed multiple self-injection of electron bunches into the bubble and their beam acceleration with gradient of 1.5 GeV/cm.     

Synthesis of Several Benzothiazolyl Triazene Reagents and Its Color Reaction with Cadmium

The triazene reagents were used for the determination of cadmium, mercury and zinc. Some reagents containing diazoaminoazobenzene have been reported.     

Studies on the Color Reaction of a New Reagent l-(4-Nitrophenyl)-3-(5-Nitro-2-pyridyl)-Triazene with Cadmium

The triazene reagents containing heterocyclic radical were used for the determination of metallic ions with a good sensitivity and selectivity.     

光谱成像技术无损鉴别西洋参饮片的研究

应用电可控液晶光谱成像装置,测定不同市售来源的西洋参饮片,以期为其质量控制提供新的方法。系统光谱分辨率5nm,光谱覆盖范围为405～680nm,空间分辨率50lp·mm-1。从成像光谱立方体中提取特征光谱曲线,构建饮片指纹图谱;采用主成分等聚类分析方法解析其指纹图谱,用于饮片真伪鉴别与质量判定。结果与性状,显微及理化鉴定结果相吻合。表明光谱成像分析技术可用于中药指纹图谱的构建和质量评价,操作方法简便、快速、无损。     

Nonlinear Shift of the Raman A1 Mode in Ga-Incorporated CuInSe2 Thin Films

Composition dependence of quaternary CuIn1-x GaxSe2 films on Ga content has been systematically investigated by Raman scattering. The dominant A1 mode shifts from 174cm^-1 for CuInSe2 to 185cm^-1 for CuGaSe2 in an approximately polynomial curve other than a linear curve, indicating existence of asymmetric distribution of Ga and In on a microscopic scale in films. With Ga content x 〉 0.3, the significantly broadening and intensity decrease of A1 modes suggest the degradation of crystalline quality of chalcopyrite phase. Additionally, the quenching of additional Raman band at 183cm^-1 for the Ga-rich films reveals that CuAu-ordered phase can coexist in nominal chalcopyrite CuInSe2 films but not in CuGaSe2, due to Ga inhibition effect.