一类Lagrangian对偶问题的零对偶间隙性质及其最优路径的收敛性

针对一般的非线性规划问题,利用某些Lagrange型函数给出了一类Lagrangian对偶问题的一般模型,并证明它与原问题之间存在零对偶间隙．针对具体的一类增广La- grangian对偶问题以及几类由非线性卷积函数构成的Lagrangian对偶问题,详细讨论了零对偶间隙的存在性．进一步,讨论了在最优路径存在的前提下,最优路径的收敛性质．     

氰戊菊酯立体异构体在手性键合相上的分析

本文介绍了采用高效液相色谱法在(R)-N-3,5-二硝基苯甲酰苯甘氨酸手性键合相上氰戊菊酯的四个立体异构体的分离,以外消旋氰戊菊酯样品为参照,计算了光学活性氰戊菊酯样品的四个立体异构体的百分含量,确定了在手性键合相上氰戊菊酯四个立体异构体构型的流出顺序为SR→RS→SS→RR。     

Separation of peptides and proteins by capillary electrophoresis using acidic buffers containing tetraalkylammonium cations and cyclodextrins

A method for improving separations of peptides and other positively charged species in capillary zone electrophoresis with untreated capillaries using acidic buffers containing tetraalkylammonium cations is described. Tetramethylammonium and tetrabutylammonium cations dynamically modify the capillary surface, leading to a reversal in the direction of the electroosmotic flow. As a result, the adsorption of positively charged peptides and proteins is minimized, and resolution and peak capacity are improved as the migration of cationic analytes is counterbalanced by the electroosmotic flow. The combining effect of reversing electroosmotic flow and cyclodextrin inclusion complexation on separations of closely related peptides and a protein mixture, as well as tryptic digest of hemoglobin is demonstrated.     

高比表面积窄孔分布氧化铝的制备研究 Ⅰ.沉淀条件的影响

 以硫酸铝液为原料，以氨水、氢氧化钠和铝酸钠为碱沉淀剂，采用pH摆动法制备了高比表面积、大孔径、窄孔分布、大孔体积氧化铝，考察了沉淀剂、沉淀温度及沉淀时酸侧pH值对氧化铝物性的影响，并对pH摆动法与等pH沉淀法的结果进行了比较．结果表明，通过改变制备参数可以获得高比表面积、大孔体积的氧化铝，当沉淀温度为70℃，pH摆动3或4次时，氧化铝的孔体积可高达1．0ml／g，比表面积仍大于300m2／g．用pH摆动法制得的样品比用等pH沉淀法制得的样品容易酸溶，对挤压成型有利．不同样品在酸溶液中的分散性表明，用氨水沉淀剂可获得相对较小的沉淀粒子．改变沉淀时酸侧的pH值，可导致沉淀粒子的结构发生变化．     

甲醇／丙烷在ZSM－5分子筛上偶合转化过程的研究

考察了甲醇／低碳烷烃在ＺＳＭ－５分子筛上偶合转化为芳烃和低碳烯烃的反应过程。对特定的催化体系，存在一最佳原料配比，使反应的热效应近似为零。偶合转化时甲醇完全转化，低碳烷烃的转化率低；不同催化剂上偶合转化产物分布差别极大，与ＨＺＳＭ－５相比，Ｇａ改性后可获得较高的芳烃和低碳烯烃收率。     

甲基丙烯酸三苯墓甲酯和甲基丙烯酸酯类的共聚物在溶液中的螺旋诱导和解旋作用

甲基丙烯酸三苯墓甲酯和甲基丙烯酸酯类的共聚物在溶液中的螺旋诱导和解旋作用陈传福，刘卫宏，陈永明，任长玉，习复（中国科学院化学研究所北京１０００８０）关键词甲基丙烯酸三苯基甲酯，甲基丙烯酸甲酯，光学活性，螺旋诱导，解旋在手性阴离子复合引发剂存在下，甲基...     

低碳烃芳构化过程中HZSM－5催化剂结炭规律的研究

用ＧＣ、ＴＰＯ－ＧＣ、ＮＨ＿３－ＴＰＤ和ＴＥＭ等方法，测定了丙烷在ＨＺＳＭ－５沸石上芳构化过程中，催化剂的活性、结炭量、结炭Ｃ／Ｈ比、酸密度等，考察了催化剂的结炭量与其它参数之间的关系。结果表明，在反应温度为８７３Ｋ，进料空速ＷＨＳＶ＝５ｈ￣（－１）时，丙烷在ＨｚＳＭ－５上的结炭首先发生在沸石晶体的外表面的活性中心上（结炭量１．８％之前）；结炭量为１．８～３．４％时，主要在孔道交叉点结炭；结炭量在３．４～５．７％时，孔道已有受限或阻塞现象发生，导致一些富氢的结炭物在孔道内生成。     

Experimental and modeling study on decomposition kinetics of methane hydrates in different media

The decomposition kinetic behaviors of methane hydrates formed in 5 cm3 porous wet activated carbon were studied experimentally in a closed system in the temperature range of 275.8-264.4 K. The decomposition rates of methane hydrates formed from 5 cm3 of pure free water and an aqueous solution of 650 g x m(-3) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were also measured for comparison. The decomposition rates of methane hydrates in seven different cases were compared. The results showed that the methane hydrates dissociate more rapidly in porous activated carbon than in free systems. A mathematical model was developed for describing the decomposition kinetic behavior of methane hydrates below ice point based on an ice-shielding mechanism in which a porous ice layer was assumed to be formed during the decomposition of hydrate, and the diffusion of methane molecules through it was assumed to be one of the control steps. The parameters of the model were determined by correlating the decomposition rate data, and the activation energies were further determined with respect to three different media. The model was found to well describe the decomposition kinetic behavior of methane hydrate in different media.     

R12 hydrate formation kinetics based on laser light scattering technique

Gas hydrates are non-stoichiometric crystalline compounds of water with gas at a certain temperature and pressure. Compared to the thermodynamics of hydrate formation, our knowledge on the kinetics aspect is rather immature. It is well known that the kinetics of hydrate formation/dissociation plays an important role in many industrial cases, such as the exploitation of methane hydrate underground, the storage and transportation of natural gas in solid hydrate state, the inhibition of hydrate i…