全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1382篇 |
免费 | 42篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1079篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 25篇 |
数学 | 170篇 |
物理学 | 150篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 40篇 |
2021年 | 42篇 |
2020年 | 40篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 19篇 |
2017年 | 19篇 |
2016年 | 45篇 |
2015年 | 34篇 |
2014年 | 40篇 |
2013年 | 69篇 |
2012年 | 77篇 |
2011年 | 109篇 |
2010年 | 58篇 |
2009年 | 51篇 |
2008年 | 75篇 |
2007年 | 96篇 |
2006年 | 79篇 |
2005年 | 102篇 |
2004年 | 76篇 |
2003年 | 41篇 |
2002年 | 36篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
1924年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1429条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Dr. Carla Carrera Dr. Eleonora Cavallari Dr. Giuseppe Digilio Dr. Oksana Bondar Prof. Silvio Aime Dr. Francesca Reineri 《Chemphyschem》2021,22(11):1042-1048
An efficient synthesis of vinyl-[1-13C]pyruvate has been reported, from which 13C hyperpolarized (HP) ethyl-[1-13C]pyruvate has been obtained by means of ParaHydrogen Induced Polarization (PHIP). Due to the intrinsic lability of pyruvate, which leads quickly to degradation of the reaction mixture even under mild reaction conditions, the vinyl-ester has been synthesized through the intermediacy of a more stable ketal derivative. 13C and 1H hyperpolarizations of ethyl-[1-13C]pyruvate, hydrogenated using ParaHydrogen, have been compared to those observed on the more widely used allyl-derivative. It has been demonstrated that the spin order transfer from ParaHydrogen protons to 13C, is more efficient on the ethyl than on the allyl-esterdue to the larger J-couplings involved. The main requirements needed for the biological application of this HP product have been met, i. e. an aqueous solution of the product at high concentration (40 mM) with a good 13C polarization level (4.8 %) has been obtained. The in vitro metabolic transformation of the HP ethyl-[1-13C]pyruvate, catalyzed by an esterase, has been observed. This substrate appears to be a good candidate for in vivo metabolic investigations using PHIP hyperpolarized probes. 相似文献
2.
Riaan Schmuhl Sankhanilay Roy Chowdhury Johan E. ten Elshof Albert van den Berg Dave H.A. Blank 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2004,31(1-3):249-252
Templated MCM-48 silica was prepared using CTAB as surfactant. The MCM-48 powders and thin films were characterized by different techniques. MCM-48 layers were deposited on macroporous α-alumina supports and silicon nitride microsieves. The water permeability of MCM-48 was compared with the permeability of conventional mesoporous γ-alumina membranes. The applicability of MCM-48 as ion-selective electric field-driven switchable interconnect for microfluidic devices was demonstrated. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
In this paper we report the results of a morphological and structural investigation on film properties of a soluble polydiacetylene, the poly[1,6-bis(3,6-dihexadecyl-N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne] (polyDCHD-HS). The red films of this polymer, prepared by standard spin-coating techniques, revealed absence of linear dichroism and birefringence in contrast with the ordered mesophases detected by powder X-ray studies. In order to interpret the optical behavior of this polymer, we performed AFM and SEM studies of polyDCHD-HS films spun on hydrophylic and hydrophobic glass substrates. We found the presence of surfaces organized in rod-like particles, more regularly oriented on the hydrophylic substrate. GIXRD studies, carried out on films sufficiently thick to allow the observation of the diffraction pattern, reveled the presence of a lamellar structure with a spacing of 3.22 nm. The low intensity of the diffraction peaks and the isotropic linear optical properties of the films show that the lamellar mesophases are not extended over large areas. These findings were compared with the data obtained from AFM and SEM studies on films of two other polydiacetylenes, the poly[1-(3,6-dihexadexyl-N-carbazolyl)-6-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadyine] (polya-DCHD) and the poly[1,6-bis(3,6-dipalmitoyl-N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadyine] (polyDPCHD), spun on hydrophylic glass substrate. The results confirmed the presence of nodular morphologies which seem to be a general characteristic of this class of materials. The particles organization appears instead related to the chemical nature of the substituents on the carbazolyl rings. 相似文献
6.
F. C. ten Doornkaat Koolman J. Traube Jandell Henderson Donald G. Russell und H. Bunzel 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1914,53(6):404
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
7.
In this paper we give a method for constructing sharply 1-transitive permutation sets inside a finite permutation group with certain properties and we apply this method to obtain a family of sharply 1-transitive permutation subsets of the sharply 3-transitive permutation group M(p
2f
) on PG(1, p
2f
) for p
f
1 (mod 4).Work supported by G.N.S.A.G.A. and M.P.I. 相似文献
8.
Substrate relaxation is shown to play an important role in the 1 : 2 regular chemisorption of hydrogen atoms above alternate carbon atoms in a graphite monolayer. Binding energy, population analysis and electron density maps show that the direct HC bond is strengthened on relaxation. 相似文献
9.
10.
Studies on the complexation of copper(II) by phenolic acids, as ligand models of humic substances were done by potentiometry. The acids under study were: 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid or hydrocaffeic acid (1), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (2) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid or protocatechuic acid (3). Acidity constants of the ligands and the formation constants of metal-ligand complexes were evaluated by computer programs. The carboxylic group of the phenolic acids has different pKa1 values, being the dissociation constants intrinsically related with the distance between the function and the aromatic nucleus. The results obtained allow concluding that acidity constants of the catechol moiety of the compounds are similar with pKa2 and pKa3 values between 9.47-9.41 and 11.55-11.70. The complexation properties of the three ligands towards copper(II) ion are quite similar, being the species found not different either in nature or stability. Although the model ligands have some structural differences no significant differences were found in their complexation properties towards copper(II). So, it can be postulated that complexation process is intrinsically related with the presence of a catechol group. 相似文献