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1.
Characterization of autocatalytic decomposition reactions is important
for the safe handling and storage of energetic materials. Isothermal differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been widely used to detect autocatalytic decomposition
of energetic materials. However, isothermal DSC tests are time consuming and
the choice of experimental temperature is crucial. This paper shows that an
automatic pressure tracking calorimeter (APTAC) can be a reliable and efficient
screening tool for the identification of autocatalytic decomposition behavior
of energetic materials.
Hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) is an important
member of the hydroxylamine family. High concentrations of HAN are used as
liquid propellants, and low concentrations of HAN are used primarily in the
nuclear industry for decontamination of equipment. Because of its instability
and autocatalytic decomposition behavior, HAN has been involved in several
incidents. 相似文献
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Benjamin H. Strudwick Mark A. J. Koenis Hans J. Sanders Valentin P. Nicu Sander Woutersen Prof. Wybren Jan Buma 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(54):12560-12566
Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) studies are reported on a chiral compound in which a fullerene C60 moiety is used as an electron acceptor and local VCD amplifier for an alanine-based peptide chain. Four redox states are investigated in this study, of which three are reduced species that possess low-lying electronic states as confirmed by UV/Vis spectroelectrochemistry. VCD measurements in combination with (TD)DFT calculations are used to investigate (i) how the low-lying electronic states of the reduced species modulate the amplification of VCD signals, (ii) how this amplification depends on the distance between oscillator and amplifier, and (iii) how the spatial extent of the amplifier influences amplification. These results pave the way for further development of tailored molecular VCD amplifiers. 相似文献
6.
Ultraviolet-B-induced cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimer formation and repair in Arctic marine macrophytes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
van de Poll WH Hanelt D Hoyer K Buma AG Breeman AM 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2002,76(5):493-500
The significance of ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR: 280-315 nm)-induced DNA damage as a stress factor for Arctic marine macrophytes was examined in the Kongsfjord (Spitsbergen, 78 degrees 55.5'N, 11 degrees 56.0'E) in summer. UVBR penetration in the water column was monitored as accumulation of cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers (CPD) in bare DNA. This showed that UVBR transparency of the fjord was variable, with 1% depths ranging between 4 and 8 m. In addition, induction and repair kinetics of CPD were studied in several subtidal macrophytes obtained from the Kongsfjord (5-15 m). Surface exposure experiments demonstrated CPD accumulation in Palmaria palmata, Devaleraea ramentacea, Phycodrys rubens, Coccotylus truncatus and Odonthalia dentata. In artificial light, field collected material of P. palmata, D. ramentacea, P. rubens and Laminaria saccharina showed efficient CPD repair, with only 10% of the artificially induced CPD remaining after 5 h. No significant differences in repair rate were observed among these species. CPD repair was slower or absent in O. dentata, C. truncatus and Monostroma arcticum, indicating that fast repair mechanisms such as photolyase were not continuously expressed in these species. CPD repair rates were not directly related to the vertical distribution of algae in the water column and to the reported UV sensitivity of the examined species. Dosimeter incubations showed that maximal exposure to DNA damaging wavelengths was low for all examined species. Furthermore, most species collected below the 1% depth for DNA damage displayed efficient CPD repair, suggesting that UVBR-induced CPD currently impose a minor threat for mature stages of these species growing in the Kongsfjord, Spitsbergen. 相似文献
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Several magnetic and optical processes contribute to the magneto-optical response of nickel thin films after excitation by a femtosecond laser pulse. We achieved a first complete identification by explicitly measuring the time-resolved Kerr ellipticity and rotation, as well as its temperature and magnetic field dependence in epitaxially grown (111) and (001) oriented Cu/Ni/Cu wedges. The first hundreds of femtoseconds the response is dominated by state filling effects. The true demagnetization takes approximately 0.5-1 ps. At the longer (sub-ns) time scales the spins are found to precess in their anisotropy field. Simple and transparent models are introduced to substantiate our interpretation. 相似文献
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Prokofiev A. A. Moskalenko A. S. Yassievich I. N. de Boer W. D. A. M. Timmerman D. Zhang H. Buma W. J. Gregorkiewicz T. 《JETP Letters》2010,90(12):758-762
JETP Letters - The effect of quantum confinement on the direct bandgap of spherical Si nanocrystals has been modelled theoretically. We conclude that the energy of the direct bandgap at the... 相似文献
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The second author was partially supported by NSF#DMS-9101826 相似文献