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Overtone spectrum of o, m and p-nitrobenzaldehydes and p-chlorobenzaldehyde has been studied in 2000–12000 cm−1 region. Vibrational frequencies and anharmonicity constants for aryl as well as alkyl CH stretch vibrations have been determined.
We have also determined the internuclear distances for the aryl CH bond in the different molecules. The small variation observed
in these distances is an indication of the substitution effect.
It is observed that in the case of p-disubstituted benzens, the shift in aryl CH bond is proportional to sum of the Hammet σ of the substituents. However in the
case of o-disubstituted benzenes it is only 80% of the para-substituted shift. 相似文献
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With the advent of medium and large gamma detector arrays, it is now possible to look at nuclear structure at high rotational
forces. The role of pairing correlations and their eventual breakdown, along with the shell effects have showed us the interesting
physics for nuclei at high spins — superdeformation, shape co-existence, yrast traps, alignments and their dramatic effects
on nuclear structure and so on. Nuclear structure studies have recently become even more exciting, due to efforts and possibilities
to reach nuclei far off from the stability valley. Coupling of gamma ray arrays with ‘filters’, like neutron wall, charged
particle detector array, gamma ray total energy and multiplicity castles, conversion electron spectrometers etc gives a great
handle to study nuclei produced online with ‘low’ cross-sections. Recently we studied, nuclei in mass region 80 using an array
of 8 germanium detectors in conjunction with the recoil mass analyser, HIRA at the Nuclear Science Centre and, most unexpectedly
came across the phenomenon of identical bands, with two quasi-particle difference. The discovery of magnetic rotation is another
highlight. Our study of light In nucleus, 107In brought us face to face with the ‘dipole’ bands. I plan to discuss some of
these aspects. There is also an immensely important development — that of the ‘radioactive ion beams’. The availability of
RIB, will probably very dramatically influence our ‘conventional’ concept of nuclear structure. The exotic shapes of these
exotic nuclei and some of their expected properties will also be touched upon. 相似文献
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Rare earth element substituted bismuth ferrites (BiFeO3) are of enormous importance as magnetoelectric materials. The polycrystalline samples of Bi
x
La1−x
FeO3 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) were prepared by solid-state reaction using standard ceramic method. The single-phase formation of
these compounds was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The samples with x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 are found to be orthorhombic while the sample with x=0.8 is triclinic. The dielectric constant (ε′) and dissipation factor (tan δ) were measured in the frequency range 100 Hz
to 1 MHz at room temperature and as a function of temperature at certain fixed frequencies (1 kHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz, 1 MHz).
All the samples showed dielectric dispersion. The dielectric constant with temperature shows a broad peak; the peak temperature
shifts with frequency which reflects the relaxor-type behavior. The peak above 600 K in the measured temperature range corresponds
to antiferromagnetic ordering temperature (Néel temperature). The broadness of the peak changes with composition. The ac conductivity
as well as ε′ are found to be maximum for the sample x=0.2 at room temperature. 相似文献
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Joseph KS Moser AC Basiaga SB Schiel JE Hage DS 《Journal of chromatography. A》2009,1216(16):3492-3500
Warfarin is often used as a site-specific probe for examining the binding of drugs and other solutes to Sudlow site I of human serum albumin (HSA). However, warfarin has strong binding to HSA and the two chiral forms of warfarin have slightly different binding affinities for this protein. Warfarin also undergoes a slow change in structure when present in common buffers used for binding studies. This report examined the use of four related, achiral compounds (i.e., coumarin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, and 4-hydroxycoumarin) as possible alternative probes for Sudlow site I in drug binding studies. High-performance affinity chromatography and immobilized HSA columns were used to compare and evaluate the binding properties of these probe candidates. Binding for each of the tested probe candidates to HSA was found to give a good fit to a two-site model. The first group of sites had moderate-to-high affinities for the probe candidates with association equilibrium constants that ranged from 6.4 x 10(3)M(-1) (coumarin) to 5.5 x 10(4)M(-1) (4-hydroxycoumarin) at pH 7.4 and 37 degrees C. The second group of weaker, and probably non-specific, binding regions, had association equilibrium constants that ranged from 3.8 x 10(1)M(-1) (7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin) to 7.3 x 10(2)M(-1) (coumarin). Competition experiments based on zonal elution indicated that all of these probe candidates competed with warfarin at their high affinity regions. Warfarin also showed competition with coumarin, 7-hydroxycoumarin and 7-hydroxy-4-methycoumarin for their weak affinity sites but appeared to not bind and/or compete for all of the weak sites of 4-hydroxycoumarin. It was found from this group that 4-hydroxycoumarin was the best alternative to warfarin for examining the interactions of drugs at Sudlow site I on HSA. These results also provided information on how the major structural components of warfarin contribute to the binding of this drug at Sudlow site I. 相似文献
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Huawei Li Hong Liu C Eduardo Corrales Jessica R Risner Jeff Forrester Jeffrey R Holt Stefan Heller Albert SB Edge 《BMC neuroscience》2009,10(1):122
Background
Neural differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells is usually achieved by induction of ectoderm in embryoid bodies followed by the enrichment of neuronal progenitors using a variety of factors. Obtaining reproducible percentages of neural cells is difficult and the methods are time consuming. 相似文献7.
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