Fluorinated Copolymer-Oxide Hybrids

A fluorinated copolymer/metal oxide hybrid is fabricated by refluxing a high hydroxyl content fluorinated copolymer with tetraethoxysilane. The resulting organic-inorganic hybrids are transparent throughout the entire compositional range if processed with HCl as a catalyst. They exhibit a continuous variation in hardness, hydrophobicity, and abrasion resistance, intermediary between the properties of the pure polymer and that of a silica gel. The catalyst has a strong influence over the microstructure of the hybrid. ²⁹Si MAS-NMR indicates the presence of highly condensed silica clusters within the structure of the hybrid. If a Nd(III) alkoxide is used instead of TEOS, a Nd ³⁺-doped fluoropolymer is obtained. These results indicate that when a fluorinated copolymer contains groups amenable to hydrolysis and condensation, cross-linking with a metal alkoxide is possible, leading to an interesting families of hybrids.     

聚合物涂层在毛细管电泳分离蛋白中的研究进展

毛细管电泳具有分析时间短,分离效率高,样品消耗量少等优点,在生物样品分离,特别是蛋白质分析领域有重要应用。然而,毛细管内壁硅羟基的解离给分离结果带来诸多不良影响。聚合物涂层能够抑制蛋白质在毛细管内壁的吸附以及调控电渗流,故对毛细管内壁进行有效修饰能够提高其对蛋白质的分离效率及分离稳定性。该文主要综述了动态及静态聚合物涂层毛细管的最新研究进展,并概述了近些年基于多巴胺/聚多巴胺发展起来的涂层毛细管的研究进展,最后展望了聚合物涂层毛细管的发展趋势。     

Layer optimization in wight organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) to reduce the portion of guided waves in ITO/Glass interface

In this paper, our main attempt was to reduce Total Internal Reflection (TIR) happening at Indium Tin Oxide (ITO, n_ito = 1.8 + 0.01i) and Glass (n_glass = 1.51) interface, which is due to ITO's higher index in comparison with Glass's, that makes light guided in ITO layer, 50% of generated light in Wight Organic Light Emitting Diodes (WOLED) are trapped in ITO layer; here we tried to reduce this portion of trapped light by implying 12-fold quasi-photonic crystal to the mentioned interface. With some gentle changes in 12-fold's structure we could reduce TIR in this interface to less than 9%. Also, far field results before and after adding the structure to WOLED were studied, which represents suitability of using this structure for lighting applications.     

A Highly Accurate Refractive Index Sensor with Two Operation Modes Based on Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

A 2D hole‐type hexagonal lattice photonic crystal is utilized, herein, to detect the refractive index change of the material infiltrated into the designed circular sensing area which also resembles a ring resonator. The accuracy of the detection process is enhanced considering the simultaneous shift of the resonance wavelengths and the intensity modulation which occur in two separate spectral regions. The presented structure has the ability to detect liquids, material concentrations in fluids and gases having refractive indices in the range of n = 1–2 with sensitivity and quality factor of 61 nm/RIU and 3000, respectively, for resonance‐wavelength‐shift‐based operation. The detection range of n = 1–1.4 with the sensitivity of S = 0.69 NI/RIU is achieved for the intensity‐based measurement and the results show good linearity in the operating range.     

A Facile Room Temperature Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanostructure and Its Influence on the Flame Retardancy of Poly Vinyl Alcohol

In this work, poly vinyl alcohol–ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized via two different in situ and ex-situ methods. In ex-situ, at first zinc oxide nanostructures were synthesized by one-step precipitation reaction between zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide. The effect of different surfactants such as poly vinyl pyrrolidone, poly vinyl alcohol and poly ethylene glycol on the morphology of ZnO nanostructures was investigated. Nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. The influence of ZnO nanostructures on the flame retardancy of the poly vinyl alcohol matrix was studied using underwriter laboratories UL-94 analysis.     

Polyethylene Glycol Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded with Nigella sativa Extract: A Smart Antibacterial Therapeutic Drug Delivery System

Flaky graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Hummer’s method and then capped with polyethylene glycol (PEG) by an esterification reaction, then loaded with Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seed extract. Aiming to investigate their potential use as a smart drug delivery system against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, the spectral and structural characteristics of GO-PEG NPs were comprehensively analyzed by XRD, AFM, TEM, FTIR, and UV- Vis. XRD patterns revealed that GO-PEG had different crystalline structures and defects, as well as a higher interlayer spacing. AFM results showed GONPs with the main grain size of 24.41 nm, while GONPs–PEG revealed graphene oxide aggregation with the main grain size of 287.04 nm after loading N. sativa seed extract, which was verified by TEM examination. A strong OH bond appeared in FTIR spectra. Furthermore, UV- Vis absorbance peaks at (275, 284, 324, and 327) nm seemed to be correlated with GONPs, GO–PEG, N. sativa seed extract, and GO –PEG- N. sativa extract. The drug delivery system was observed to destroy the bacteria by permeating the bacterial nucleic acid and cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in the loss of cell wall integrity, nucleic acid damage, and increased cell-wall permeability.     

Case synthesis of a β-chloro bulky bis-pocket corrole: Crystallographic characterization and photophysical properties

A new bulky 2-chloro-5,10,15-tris(2,4,6-triphenylphenyl)-corrole was casually synthesized and the effect of mono-β-chlorination on its photophysical, electrochemical properties and light-induced singlet oxygen generation was investigated.     

Photodynamic damage study of HeLa cell line using ALA

The present study evaluates the photodynamic damage with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) using HeLa as experimental model. HeLa cell line was irradiated with red light (He-Ne laser, λ = 632.8 CW nm). The influence of different incubation times and concentrations of 5-ALA, different irradiation doses and various combinations of photosensitizer and light doses on the cellular viability of HeLa cells were studied. The optimal uptake of photosensitizer ALA in HeLa cells was investigated by means of PpIX fluorescence intensity by exciting the HeLa cell suspension at 450 nm and a detection wavelength set at 690 nm. Cells viability was determined by means of trypan blue solution. The spectrometric measurements showed that the maximal cellular uptake of 5-ALA occurred after 4 h in vitro incubation. We found that the combination with 5-ALA and laser irradiation leads to time/concentration-dependent increase of cells death and also energy doses-dependent enlarge the cells death. The fluorescence intensity after PDD of carcinoma cells reduce when compared with the control group. The fluorescence emission spectral profiles after PDD of carcinoma cells showed a dip around 425–525 nm when compared with the control group. This may be due to the damage of mitochondria component of cells. The percentage of HeLa cells after PDD shows that the percentage of cells survival rate as function of laser dose (power). Hence it is clear that at 200 μg/ml ALA and 20 mW laser irradiation, more than 70% of HeLa cells were dead after 15 min.     

Study of the efficacy of photofrin®-Mediated PDT on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line

Laser Physics - The present study evaluates the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with Photofrin® using human liver cancer cells (HepG2) as an experimental model. We optimized the...