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Effects of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) micelles on second-order rate constants (k(n)(obs)) for nucleophilic reactions of amines (piperidine and n-butylamine) with ionized phenyl salicylate (PS(-)) reveal a nonlinear decrease with the increase in [D(n)] (where [D(n)] = [CTABr](T) - cmc) at a constant [NaBr] and 35 degrees C. The observed data, at a constant [NaBr], fit reasonably well to a pseudophase model of micelles, and such a data fit gives kinetic parameters such as CTABr micellar binding canstant (K(S)) of PS(-). The effect of [NaBr] upon K(S) is explained with the empirical relationship K(S) = K(S)(0)/(1 + psi[NaBr]), where psi is an empirical parameter. 相似文献
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The effects of Brij 35 micelles, CTABr micelles, and mixed Brij 35–CTABr micelles on the acid–base behavior of phenyl salicylate (PST) have been studied in aqueous solution containing 2% v/v acetonitrile. The apparent pKb (pKappb) of PST is decreased by 1.5 pK units with the increase in [Brij 35] from 0 to 0.02 M which is attributed to micellar medium effect. The values of pKappb remain almost independent of [CTABr] within its range 0.01–0.03 M. The increase in [CTABr] from 0 to 0.03 M in aqueous solution containing 0.02 M Brij 35 has not resulted in a change in pKappb. This shows that the characeristic structural features of nonionic Brij 35 micelles remain essentially unchanged on addition of CTABr under the present experimental conditions. 相似文献
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In this paper, the problem of unsteady flow induced by a shrinking sheet with mass transfer in a rotating fluid is studied. The transformed boundary layer equations are solved numerically by an implicit finite‐difference scheme known as the Keller‐box method. The influence of rotation, unsteadiness and mass suction parameters on the reduced skin friction coefficients f″(0) and g′(0), as well as the lateral velocity and velocity profiles are presented and discussed in detail. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Trent D Lund Timothy W West Lilyan Y Tian Lihong H Bu Daniel L Simmons Kenneth DR Setchell Herman Adlercreutz Edwin D Lephart 《BMC neuroscience》2001,2(1):20-13
Background
In learning and memory tasks, requiring visual spatial memory (VSM), males exhibit superior performance to females (a difference attributed to the hormonal influence of estrogen). This study examined the influence of phytoestrogens (estrogen-like plant compounds) on VSM, utilizing radial arm-maze methods to examine varying aspects of memory. Additionally, brain phytoestrogen, calbindin (CALB), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels were determined. 相似文献6.
Roslinda Nazar Mihaela Jaradat Norihan M. Arifin Ioan Pop 《Central European Journal of Physics》2011,9(5):1195-1202
In this paper, the stagnation-point flow and heat transfer towards a shrinking sheet in a nanofluid is considered. The nonlinear
system of coupled partial differential equations was transformed and reduced to a nonlinear system of coupled ordinary differential
equations, which was solved numerically using the shooting method. Numerical results were obtained for the skin friction coefficient,
the local Nusselt number as well as the velocity and temperature profiles for some values of the governing parameters, namely
the nanoparticle volume fraction φ, the shrinking parameter λand the Prandtl number Pr. Three different types of nanoparticles are considered, namely Cu, Al2O3 and TiO2. It was found that nanoparticles of low thermal conductivity, TiO2, have better enhancement on heat transfer compared to nanoparticles Al2O3 and Cu. For a particular nanoparticle, increasing the volume fraction φ results in an increase of the skin friction coefficient and the heat transfer rate at the surface. It is also found that
solutions do not exist for larger shrinking rates and dual solutions exist when λ < −1.0. 相似文献
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Dr. Soichiro Ogi Natsumi Fukaya Dr. Arifin Bastian Bjerkem Skjelstad Dr. Yuh Hijikata Prof. Dr. Shigehiro Yamaguchi 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(30):7303-7307
The self-assembly of an amide-functionalized dithienyldiketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dye in aqueous media was achieved through seed-initiated supramolecular polymerization. Temperature- and time-dependent studies showed that the spontaneous polymerization of the DPP derivative was temporally delayed upon cooling the monomer solution in a methanol/water mixture. Theoretical calculations revealed that an amide-functionalized DPP derivative adopts an energetically favorable folded conformation in the presence of water molecules due to hydration. This conformational change is most likely responsible for the trapping of monomers in the initial stage of the cooperative supramolecular polymerization in aqueous media. However, the monomeric species can selectively interact with externally added fragmented aggregates as seeds through concerted π-stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions. Consequently, the time course of the supramolecular polymerization and the morphology of the aggregated state can be controlled, and one-dimensional fibers that exhibit a J-aggregate-like bathochromically shifted absorption band can be obtained. 相似文献
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The problem of the steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation-point flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over a stretching
sheet is studied. The effect of an induced magnetic field is taken into account. The nonlinear partial differential equations
are transformed into ordinary differential equations via the similarity transformation. The transformed boundary layer equations
are solved numerically using the shooting method. Numerical results are obtained for various magnetic parameters and Prandtl
numbers. The effects of the induced magnetic field on the skin friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, the velocity,
and the temperature profiles are presented graphically and discussed in detail. 相似文献
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The problem of steady laminar mixed convection boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid along vertical moving
thin needles with variable heat flux for both assisting and opposing flow cases is theoretically considered in this paper.
The governing boundary layer equations are first transformed into non-dimensional forms. The curvature effects are incorporated
into the analysis whereas the pressure variation in the axial direction has been neglected. These equations are then transformed
into similarity equations using the similarity variables, which are solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference
scheme known as the Keller-box method. The solutions are obtained for a blunt-nosed needle (m = 0). Numerical calculations are carried out for various values of the dimensionless parameters of the problem, which include
the mixed convection parameter λ, the Prandtl number Pr and the parameter a representing the needle size. It is shown from the numerical results that the skin friction coefficient, the surface (wall)
temperature and the velocity and temperature profiles are significantly influenced by these parameters. The results are presented
in graphical form and are discussed in detail. 相似文献