非极性共轭分子电子光谱的溶剂效应——蒽在各种溶剂中的紫外吸收光谱

Kundt找出溶质分子的吸收谱带随溶剂色散率的增加而向长波移动的规则,可用下式表示: △v=v_(气体)-v_(溶液)=K_1(n-1)(1) 其中n为溶剂的折光指数.许多学者曾争论这规则的正确性,甚至予以全部否定.经多年研究后,人们才对溶剂与溶质分子间的作用有较全面的了解,才认识只有在溶质分子是非极性,而且在它们与溶剂分子之间又无氢键的情况下,则它们的谱带位移△v才有可能完全决定于溶质-溶剂分子间的色散作用.     

ACHT促使次生胞间连丝和胞间通道的形成

在应用人工促使不同细胞间细胞质和染色质穿壁转移技术的共培养期间,烟草和菠菜细胞间形成厚薄不均匀的隔离层,逐渐被吸收、变薄、直至消失,使不同的细胞直接联结嵌合在一起;在继续共培养时,相邻细胞壁上,从一侧或两侧形成次生半胞间连丝、胞间连丝和胞间通道(细胞融合道),从而把不同细胞联结成共质细胞团,为进一步适时地操作细胞质和染色质的穿壁转移提供了细胞结构和细胞生理基础。本文描述了细胞间各种类型的联结和通道。     

INTRODUCTION, EXPRESSION AND REGENE-RATION OF THE TiT-DNA GENES IN CULTURED CELLS FROM Hyoscyamus muticus +Nicotiana tabacum SOMATIC HYBRIDS

After the cultured cells from Hyoscyamus muticus + Nicotiana tabacum somatic hybridswere cocultivated with different virulent strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboringoctopine- type Ti plasmid or nopaline- type Ti plasmid using the transformation procedurein vitro developed in the present investigation, the TiT- DNA genes were introducedinto the host cells. The onc genes and ocs or nos genes located on TiT- DNA were expres-sed in transformed colonies derived from the cocultivated cells. Although the platingefficiencies of recipient cells were reduced by the agrobacterial treatment, the frequenciesof phytohormone autotrophy ranged from 33.9 to 76 .8% in the cells infected with viru-lent strains in hormone- free conditions, and the frequencies of opine synthase activityamounted to 9.7- 47 .5%. Teratomatous shoots were regenerated from the transformed col-onies. During the course of culture the shoots were no longer to lengthen when theygrew up to 1 -3 cm in length, and they could not be rooted. Follo     

STUDY ON WAYS OF FORCING INTERCELLULAR CYTOPLASM AND CHROMATIN MIGRATION TO TRANSFER EXTERNAL GENETIC SUBSTANCES TO PLANT CELLS BY ARTIFICIAL MOTIVE FORCE

A new cell engineering technique (L. B. technique) was established in our Lab. At first, the physical and chemical methods were used to facilitate the reestablishment of intercellular contacts and plasmodesma channels between different parents, thus forcing cytoplasm and chromatin to pass the cell wall with different qualities and quantities from one cell to others, through the enlarged intercellular plasmodesma channels or the vulnerable regions and the holes on the cell wall formed differently in growth and thickness in the process of cell wall formation to introduce external genetic substances or gene groups into plant cells. There are different ways, frequencies and strengths for the migration between the cells in different growth and development regions or the same growth and development region. In this paper we advance the mechanism of cytoplasm and chromatin migration through the cell wall: There are a large number of plasmodesma channels or vulnerable regions and holes different in growth and th     

不同调理剂作用下的污泥生物干化有机质降解研究

为探讨不同调理剂作用下污泥生物干化过程中的有机质降解情况, 分别使用可循环调理剂(T1组)、负载TiO2的可循环调理剂(T2组)、陶粒(T3组)对污泥进行生物干化, 分析各阶段挥发分、E4/E6等常规理化指标, 探究了水解酶类和过氧化物酶活性, 以及相应降解底物蛋白质、脂肪酶、纤维素和木质素等的含量变化. 结果表明, 各组关键酶活性与相应底物降解率呈正相关, 在生物干化前期水解酶类发挥主导作用, 后期过氧化物酶活性逐渐增强. 经生物干化后, T1组木质素、碳水化合物降解程度最高, T2组蛋白质、纤维素降解程度最高, T3组脂肪降解程度最高. 因此, 可循环调理剂对有机质降解促进效果更好, 可作为污泥生物干化调理剂使用, 以促进污泥减量化.     

舰载预警机中央维护系统架构与发展研究

为了满足舰载预警机自主维护的目标要求,提出了舰载预警机中央维护系统架构,为了完成系统设计,提炼了中央维护系统的关键技术,结合国内外中央维护系统的发展与应用,对我国舰载预警机中央维护系统(Central Maintenance System)的发展提出建议与思路。     

STUDIES ON THE ORIGIN OF B CHROMOSOMES IN RYE

The morphological structure, classification and meiotic behaviour as well as the possible origin of the extra centric fragment produced after intercellular chromatin migration (cytomixis) in pollen mother cells during synizesis in rye have been studied by the squash and Giemsa·C-banding techniques. The results showed that the structures of extra centric fragments are metacentric, submetacentric, telocentric or subtelocentric, being quite different from each other. Their originations are stochastic, because any chromosome can be formed by the fragment. The meiotic behaviour of extra centric fragments is identical with that of B chromosomes. We consider that extra centric fragments are B chromosomes. The fragments originated from the fragmentation of A chromosomes at synizesis during cytomixis. Thus we consider that cytomixis could be one of the origins of B chromosomes.     

芳香族化合物与分子氧间的电子转移光谱及其与芳香族化合物的电子激发和光致氧化的关系

作者研究有机物-氧混合体系的电子光谱。在所测量的九种芳香族化合物中除苯甲醛和蒽外,均观察到以分子氧作为电子受主的电子转移光谱。并证明这些光谱的频率与电子施主的电离势之间有直线关系。分析芳香族化合物β-,p-和α-谱带的激发态和最低三重态的能量~βE_1,~pE_1,~αE_1和 (?)E_1与这些有机物的电离势 I 之间的关系。找出有机物本征电子光谱和其电子转移光谱也有联系:1.除蒽和苯甲醛外,所有已观察到的有机物与分子氧的电子转移光谱的频率(?),包括 Evans 和 Tsubomura 等的结果在内,均低于有机物本征吸收的频率。2.说明蒽-氧和苯甲醛-氧的(?)未被测出的原因是由于蒽和苯甲醛的本征吸收谱带所掩盖。3.只有多环芳烃的 ~pE_1-I 和~3E_1-I 有直线关系。从而得出其~pE_1,~3E_1,(?)和 I 之间相互的线性关系。4.从苯甲醛和蒽的本征吸收以及蒽-氧电子转移络合物位能曲线,讨论其光致自动氧化的初级反应。     

人工促使细胞间细胞质和染色质穿壁转移实现外源遗传物质导入途径的研究

我们建立的一项新的细胞工程技术(L.B.技术)是用物理和化学方法促使不同亲本细胞间建立联结和通道,进而迫使镶嵌生长在一起的两亲本细胞间细胞质和染色质从细胞壁的一处或几处,以不同的质和量通过扩大了的胞间通道“穿入”或通过因细胞壁形成过程中不均匀生长和加厚并经L.B.技术处理而出现的薄弱区域或孔穴“穿入”相邻细胞,实现植物细胞对外源遗传物质或基因群的导入.不同的细胞生长发育区域的细胞间及同一生长发育区域细胞间穿壁转移的方式、频率、强度也是不同的.导入的历程和途径是,镶嵌生长在一起的两亲本细胞团,经低渗低pH值K~+溶液处理后,细胞吸水膨胀,原生质和核液川流增强,细胞壁松弛,壁上通道扩大,并在壁上薄弱区域形成更多的孔穴,这些造成了穿壁的良好结构和生理状态,渗透压和离心力则是实际驱动力,促使细胞质和染色质大量而强烈地穿壁转移,实现外源遗传物质的导入.