微生物作用下金的生物地球化学循环及其应用

微生物对金的转化和循环有着重要作用,推动了金的生物地球化学循环过程。自然界中微生物先把矿石中的金溶解沥滤出来,再通过微生物的吸附,累积,最后被矿化成二次金,使金在环境中不断循环。文章从能够富集金的微生物种类,及其作用机理和过程进行概述,阐述了微生物在金的生物地球化学循环中所起的作用,有助于理解和推动利用微生物回收金尾矿和含金废弃物中的金元素研究的不断发展进步。     

Effect of Different Energy Sources on Ochrobactrum anthropi Bacteria Chromium Reduction

Ochrobactrum anthropi CTS-325 isolated from a chromium-contaminated site had better resistance to Cr(Ⅵ) in LB medium under aerobic condition.Meanwhile,it was found that the reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) is not complete during the experimental process.Therefore,a series of small molecule energy sources including nitrogen and carbon sources were added into the LB medium in the bacterial stationary phase to promote the chromium reducibility.The result showed that the bacterial growth was positively correlated with the chromium reduction.SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the protein groups were changed when the bacteria were stimulated by the chromium.Additionally,it was revealed that O.anthropi CTS-325 could utilize the cheaper alternative of sugar(sucrose residue leaching solution) well for further growth and restart the chromium reduction,which offered a new method for practical appli-cations.     

Characterization and Biosorption Performance of Silver by Bacillus Licheniformis

The demand of silver is increasing rapidly in recent decades, because silver and its related products are widely used in modern industry and decoration. It is necessary to recover silver from waste water using an efficient and environmental friendly method due to its environmental and economic benefits. In this paper, we eliminated the interference of Cl-and light conditions, and then studied the characterization and biosorption performance of silver by Bacillus licheniformis. The max biosorption amount was 87.4 mg/g(dry weight) with the initial Ag+concentration of 100 mg/L at pH 6.0. XRD pattern showed that the product was an amorphous compound. SEM/EDS-mapping and FT-IR results implied that phosphate, amino and carboxyl groups located on the cell walls involved in the biosorption of Ag~+. The XPS spectra result showed that the value of EB of Ag 3d_(5/2_(367.51 eV) corresponded to the energy values for Ag(Ⅰ), and indicated Ag~+ adsorbed to the surface of cell still maintained mono-valence. The results confirm that B. licheniformis just adsorb Ag+ but cannot covert soluble Ag~+ to silver nano-particles(AgNP).     

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Spherical Cellulose Adsorbent for Reduction Adsorption of Trichloroacetic Acid

A novel spherical cellulose adsorbent has been prepared by homogeneous graft polymerization of N,N＇-methylenebisacrylamide （MBA） onto cellulose in an ionic liquid, 1-N-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride （BMIMC1）, which was then partially amine methylated through Mannich reaction to get bifunctionalized materials containing both amide and sulphinate moities. Factors affecting the attachment of functional groups were investigated. The adsorbent was characterized by Elemental Analysis （EA）, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy （FTIR） and Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM）. Cellulose adsorbent was then tested for its potential applications in the reduction adsorption oftrichloroacetic acid （TCAA） from aqueous solutions.     

Surface Changes of Ochrobactrum Anthropi in Cr（Ⅵ） Treatment for 1 Hour

Bioremediation has been a considerable method for treating Cr（VI） contamination. Bacterial surface changes of Ochrobactrum anthropi during Cr biosorption was investigated in this study. We found that Cr adsorption capacity increased with the increase of initial Cr（Ⅵ） concentration. Atomic force microscope （AFM） morphologic analysis combined with surface roughness analysis indicated that the bacterial surfaces became rougher during Cr uptake process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） showed that Cr（Ⅲ） was adsorbed on the bacterial surfaces. Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） analysis showed that surface functional groups including C-O and C-N might be involved in the Cr biosorption process.     

NH3选择性催化还原NOx的铜基小孔分子筛耐硫性能及再生研究

铜基小孔分子筛催化剂因其具有优异的氨气选择性催化还原氮氧化物(NH₃-SCR)活性、水热稳定性、氮气选择性和较宽的温度窗口等特点，成为当前国六标准柴油车的首选催化剂。但是，柴油车尾气中的硫氧化物对铜基小孔分子筛催化剂的催化活性影响很大，甚至导致催化剂发生不可逆失活。本文以铜基小孔分子筛催化剂的硫中毒机理为主线，简要介绍了铜基小孔分子筛催化剂的结构及活性位点研究现状，进一步对催化剂耐硫性能的改进及硫中毒催化剂再生机理的研究进展进行综述。基于铜基小孔分子筛催化剂硫中毒机理研究开展耐硫性能改进及再生工艺研究，以及多种中毒因子的协同影响及失活机制研究是未来铜基小孔分子筛实际应用于柴油车尾气氮氧化物超低排放的重要研究方向。