HPLC-MS-MS法测定水体中残留的氨基甲酸酯类农药

应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS-MS)联用技术,建立了检测水体中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的方法。水样经氨基柱固相萃取,二氯甲烷洗脱,梯度流动相洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式采集、选择反应性监测模式(SRM)对定性、定量离子进行MS/MS测定。5种氨基甲酸酯类农药在5～200ng/L范围内线性关系良好,回收率为80%～92%,相对标准偏差均小于10%,方法检出限分别为:异丙威和仲丁威为1.4ng/L,克百威和甲萘威为1.5ng/L,恶虫威为1.6ng/L。该方法适用于水体中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的检测。     

Influences of SiO2 laser-induced protective layers and damage threshold of annealing on the Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition. The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold （LIDT） of the films are investigated. The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity （EFI） distribution, microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly. Annealing is effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films. Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT. Moreover, the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

Influence of Different Substrates on Laser Induced Damage Thresholds at 1064nm of Ta2O5 Films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on Si, BK7, fused silica, antireflection （AR） and high reflector （HR） substrates by electron beam evaporation method, respectively. Both the optical property and laser induced damage thresholds （LIDTs） at 1064 nm of Ta2O5 films on different substrates are investigated before and after annealing at 673 K for 12 h. It is shown that annealing increases the refractive index and decreases the extinction index, and improves the O/Ta ratio of the Ta2O5 films from 2.42 to 2.50. Moreover, the results show that the LIDTs of the Ta2O5 films are mainly correlated with three parameters： substrate property, substoichiometry defect in the films and impurity defect at the interface between the substrate and the films. Details of the laser induced damage models in different cases are discussed.     

High-Pressure Phase Transition in Cyclo-octane

Structural behaviour of cyclo-octane under high pressure is studied by using a synchrotron x-ray source in a diamond anvil cell （DAC） up to 40.2 GPa at room temperature. The cyclo-octane firstly solidifies to the triclinic phase at 0.87 GPa. With the increasing pressure, the phase of cyclo-octane changes to the tetragonal phase at about 6.0 GPa and then transforms to amorphous phase above 18.2 GPa, which is kept till to 40.2 GPa. All the phase transitions of cyclo-octane are irreversible.     

互花米草定植的养殖尾水处理人工湿地中古菌群落的组成与分布

为探究凡纳滨对虾养殖尾水处理过程中互花米草湿地的净化效果和沉积物古菌群落的组成与分布,基于16S rRNA基因的高通量测序技术,从沉积物环境因子、古菌群落结构和多样性、环境因子与古菌群落间的相互关系进行分析.结果表明:互花米草人工湿地深层沉积物的古菌群落多样性显著高于表层和根际沉积物;门水平上,互花米草人工湿地优势古菌为泉古菌门、广古菌门和奇古菌门;纲水平上,优势古菌为深古菌纲、甲烷微菌纲和热源体纲;目水平上,互花米草人工湿地中含3种氨氧化古菌和7种产甲烷古菌.非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)表明,互花米草根际沉积物与深层沉积物古菌群落差异显著(P<0.05),与表层更为相似.冗余分析(RDA)及Mantel检验表明,影响古菌群落的主要环境因子包括p H、铵氮(NH₄⁺-N)、总有机碳(TOC)和总磷(TP).相关性热图表明奇古菌门和其中的亚硝基菌纲与环境因子的相关性最强.氨氧化古菌群落与pH、NH₄⁺-N、总氮(TN)和TP呈显著相关(P<0.01),产甲烷古菌与环境因子则无显著相关性....     

Formation of Infrared Femtosecond Laser Induced Colour Centres in Tb^3＋－Doped and Tb^3＋／Ce^3＋－Codoped Heavy Germanate Glasses and Tb3＋／Ce3＋－Codoped Heavy Germanate Glasses ＊

The formation of infrared femtosecond laser induced colour centres was observed in Tb^3 -doped and Tb^3 /Ce^3 -codoped heavy germanate glasses. A rectangular scan was made by focusing the laser beam inside the glasssamples. A three-dimensional yellowish block was created from the path and it corresponded to the appearanceof broad absorption bands in the absorption spectra. The irradiation induced absorption coefficient μ(λ) wasused to characterize the distribution of radiation induced colour centres in the samples, whose peak was locatedat 380 nm and extended to the longer wavelength. Ce^3 ions were found not only to inhibit the formation ofcolour centres, but also to enhance the recovery.     

不用有毒试剂直接测定放心水中氰化物方法的研究—明胶配位法

本文介绍一种不用有毒氰化钠，氰化钾或其它昂贵试剂，直接测定废水中氰化物的明胶配位分光光度法。即在ＰＨ＝８．０－１０．０的碱性介质中，明胶与Ａｇ＾＋形成银明胶配合物，该配合物与氰根反应，生成银氰配合物。该法简单、快速，在多种离子存在下不干扰测定氰根，并与异烟酸钠－巴比有寻酸光光度法相比较，相对误差在２％－１５％内。     

α-Al2O3单晶中Fe3+离子的电子顺磁共振

本文对α-Al₂O₃单晶体中Fe³⁺离子在室温下,X波段进行了电子顺磁共振研究,发现Fe³⁺离子实际上占据四种磁性不等价晶位。在同一氧离子层间的两种晶位上的Fe³⁺离子具有相同的自旋哈密顿参量,而不同氧离子层间的晶位上的Fe³⁺离子具有不同的自旋哈密顿参量,两种自旋哈密顿参量为:(1)g_‖=2.001,g_⊥=2.003,D=1679 关键词：     

Core Size Scaling of Helical-Core Optical Fibres

The mode-area scaling properties of helical-core optical fibres are numerically studied and the limit of core size for achievable single-mode operation is explored. By appropriate design, helical-core fibres can operate in a single mode with possible scaling up to 300μm in core diameter with numerical aperture 0.1.     

基于改进Mask RCNN和SVR的无接触梭子蟹体质量预测研究

提出了一个改进Mask RCNN目标检测算法用以对养殖梭子蟹进行视觉特征测量. 通过在养殖区域采集梭子蟹图像, 用上位机识别梭子蟹旋转角度以及甲长和甲宽方向, 对输出的Mask进行模板修补, 提高模板内区域的置信度. 通过图像-实景对应关系换算梭子蟹的真实尺寸, 并估算其投影面积、甲宽与甲长, 结果准确率高于85%. 同时, 对视觉算法得到的梭子蟹尺寸特征与其体质量进行拟合, 引入k-means聚类, 实现双模型支持向量回归机(SVR)预测结构. 通过差分进化算法对SVR适应度函数进行寻优, 设计了随迭代次数、寻优效果同步变化的缩放因子, 以及适者更易生存策略的交叉概率因子, 以验证改进算法的寻优能力. 测试时, 对新传入的数据首先进行归一化处理, 然后判断所归属的聚类中心, 再传至相应的SVR模型进行预测. 测试结果相对误差小于18%.