等离子体改性CuO/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂催化低浓度甲烷燃烧性能

为了研究CuO/γ-Al_2O_3催化低浓度甲烷燃烧性能,采用普通浸渍法和低温等离子体改性的方法分别制备了CuO/γ-Al_2O_3和CuO/γ-Al_2O_3-P催化剂,并用于低浓度甲烷燃烧,考察了Cu负载量和等离子体改性工艺对其催化活性的影响。结果表明,Cu负载量为7%时,催化剂的活性最强。改性气体、气体空速、放电电压、放电频率、等离子体处理时间均是影响催化剂活性的因素。氧气适合用作催化剂的改性气体,而氮气不宜作为改性气体使用。氧气作为改性气体时,最佳的改性工艺条件为峰峰值电压45 kV、放电频率14.71 kHz、等离子体处理时间30 min、氧气空速20 mL/(min·g)。在此工艺条件下制备的催化剂用于低浓度甲烷催化燃烧,可使t10降低23℃、t50降低6℃、t90降低19℃,同时,可使反应的活化能由79.27 kJ/mol降低为76.12 kJ/mol。催化剂的SEM、BET、XRD、XPS、H_2-TPR表征结果表明,等离子体对催化剂的改性作用主要在于增大了催化剂的比表面积、促使催化剂中Cu周围电子云密度降低及体相氧向表面氧迁移,从而利于甲烷在催化剂表面的吸附、活化和转化。     

Facile Route to Control over the Morphological Evolution of β-Ga_2O_3 from Nanowires to Nanoflags and to Nanosheets

We report the fabrication of β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures on Au-coated(0001) sapphire substrate by chemical vapor deposition. The morphologies and structural properties of β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Different morphologies including nanowire, nanoflag and nanosheet were controllably synthesized by adjusting the important growth parameters of ambient source contents. It is suggested that the relative ratio of oxygen and gallium contents plays a significant role in determining the morphologies of β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructure.