破碎波统计及其在上层大洋动力学中的应用

在改进了的破碎波统计模型的基础上,本文导出了单位时间海波破碎面积比、体积率和能量损耗率等重要统计量。观测事实表明,在高海况情况下,海气交换的控制机制是机械的海波破碎过程。从这一点出发,经过物理和量纲上的考虑,我们计算了白冠覆盖率、切向动量通量、水汽通量以及表层湍动度等上层大洋动力学的主要参数。理论结果都能与现有的实测结果一致。这对于改进对海气交换过程的认识以及海气相互作用的模拟都有重要意义。     

THE VARIATION AND MOVEMENT OF A KIND OF EDDIES IN SHELF SLOPE WATER

Considering the characteristics of the time and space scales of the eddies we established a qua-si-static and quasi-geostrophic model to describe their variation and movement in shelf slope water. The analytical solution revealed the main properties of the variation: slow expansion and faststagnation processes and the law of the eddy motion affected under the background field. All theo-retical results are proved by satellite image measurements.     

陆坡水域涡旋的运动及变化

基于测量的时空尺度特征,我们建立了一个描述涡旋在陆坡水中变化和运动的准静态准地转模式。这个模式的解析解揭示了涡旋变化的膨胀和旋转特征以及涡旋在背景流场和总涡度场作用下的运动规律。所有结果都得到卫星图片测量数据的定量证实。     

STATISTICS OF BREAKING WAVES AND ITS APPLICATION TO UPPER OCEAN DYNAMICS

Based on the improved statistics model of breaking waves, we have calculated the following statistical quantities: S_t, breaking area ratio generated per unit time; V_t, the volume of water mass thrown out from the wave surface due to breaking on a unit area per unit time; (?)_t, the breaking energy loss rate on a unit area per unit time. Under the high sea state, the phase change governed by wave breaking is mechanistic. Based on the physical and dimensional consideration we have also derived the statistical quantities of upper ocean dynamics such as whitecap coverage, exchange fluxes in the high sea state and turbulence degree in the subsurface layer. The theoretical results are consistent with the existing experimental data.