Nonlinear optical behaviors in a silver nanoparticle array at different wavelengths

The optical nonlinearities of an Ag nanoparticle array are investigated by performing Z-scan measurements at the selected wavelengths (400, 600, 650, and 800 nm). The nonlinear refraction index in the resonant region (around 400 nm) exhibits a significant enhancement by two orders compared with that in the off-resonant region (around 800 nm)), and exhibits an sign alternation of the resonant nonlinear absorption, which results in a negligible nonlinear absorption at a certain excitation intensity. Moreover, a low degree of nonlinear absorption was measured at the edges of the resonant region (600 and 650 nm), which is attributed to the competition of the saturated absorption and the two-photon absorption processes.     

反向旋转双色椭偏场中原子隧穿电离电子的全息干涉

利用数值求解含时薛定谔方程和强场近似理论研究了反向旋转双色椭偏光场中氩原子隧穿电离电子的干涉.固定两脉冲的椭偏率均为0.3,当两椭偏场的相对相位为0.25π时,光电子动量谱中周期内干涉、叉状全息干涉和弧形全息干涉相互重叠.当两椭偏场的相对相位为0时,光电子动量谱中弧形全息干涉消除,并且周期内干涉和叉状全息干涉被彻底分离到动量谱的左右部分,从而得到一个在空间上独立的叉状全息干涉条纹.进一步研究表明,通过改变两椭偏光场的椭偏率还可以增强或抑制该独立叉状全息干涉条纹.这为干涉条纹的控制和分离提供了一个有效的手段,同时也有利于从全息干涉条纹中提取靶材结构信息和电子超快动力学信息.     

空间非均匀激光场驱动的原子非次序双电离

利用三维经典系综模型,研究空间非均匀激光场驱动的氙原子非次序双电离,并对比了空间均匀激光场的情况.结果显示,波长较短时,空间非均匀激光场与空间均匀激光场的非次序双电离的产率较为相近.随着波长的增大,较高激光强度时空间非均匀激光场下非次序双电离受到越来越明显的抑制.相比于空间均匀激光场,空间非均匀激光场下非次序双电离两电子的末态发射角表现出更强烈的关联特性,特别在较大的激光波长下,两电子的末态发射角几乎全部集中在0°附近,这意味着两电子往往是平行发射到相同方向.此外,波长由近红外增大到中红外时,空间非均匀激光场下非次序双电离的有效再碰撞均由第1个电子的第1次返回主导,而空间均匀激光场下则呈现由第1次返回主导到第2次返回主导的转变.进一步,通过反演分析非次序双电离的经典轨迹,揭示了空间非均匀激光场下关联电子超快动力学过程的更多细节.     

树枝状大分子的自组装超薄膜

树枝状化合物因具有三维立体结构、均一的分布和多而密且可修饰性强的外官能团,使之作为结构单元进行自组装形成具有特色的超薄膜。Regen等利用整代聚酰胺－胺型（PAMAM）树状分子的胺端基,将其沉积到用Pt^2 离子活化的表面,重复这一过程即得到多层膜。Crook等首先报道了以共价键结合的树状分子膜,这种膜是将PAMAM树状分子的胺端基与巯基十一烷酸组成的单层膜作用生成酰胺键而形成的。Tsukruk等将表面分别带正负电荷的PAMAM树状分子在硅表面进行层状沉积形成超薄膜。研究显示,以树状分子为结构单元经自组装形成的膜具有潜在的用途前景,如作为化学探感器、多相催化剂、滤光片或光学器件基材等。     

椭圆偏振激光脉冲驱动的氩原子非次序双电离对激光强度的依赖

利用经典系综模型研究了椭圆偏振激光脉冲驱动的氩原子非次序双电离对激光强度的依赖.计算结果显示,沿激光偏振平面长轴方向,电子对的关联行为依赖于激光强度,在较高的激光强度下,关联电子对的动量谱呈正关联,并且在一、三象限呈现明显的V-型结构.在较低的激光强度下,关联电子对的动量谱呈强烈的反关联行为.在激光偏振平面短轴方向,关联电子对的动量谱在不同的激光强度下均呈现强烈的反关联行为.通过分析非次序双电离的经典运动轨迹,证明末态电子之间的排斥作用对关联电子动量谱在激光偏振平面长轴方向的V-型结构,以及短轴方向的反关联行为起决定性作用.     

Nonlinear optical behaviours in a silver nanoparticle array at different wavelengths

The optical nonlinearities of an Ag nanoparticle array are investigated by performing the Z-scan measurements at the selected wavelengths (400, 600, 650, and 800 nm). The nonlinear refraction index in the resonant region (around 400 nm) exhibits a significant enhancement by two orders compared with that in the off-resonant region (around 800 nm)), and exhibits an sign alternation of the resonant nonlinear absorption, which results in a negligible nonlinear absorption at a certain excitation intensity. Moreover, a low degree of nonlinear absorption was measured at the edges of the resonant region (600 and 650 nm), which is attributed to the competition of the saturated absorption and the two-photon absorption processes.     

Microscopic Dynamics of Nonsequential Double Ionization by Elliptically Polarized Few-Cycle Laser Pulses

With the classical ensemble model, we investigate nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of xenon atoms using 780 nm, 0.25 PW/cm2elliptically polarized few-cycle laser pulses. The momentum distribution of correlated electron along the long axis of the laser polarization plane shows an obvious V-like structure locating at the third quadrant, and the momentum along the short axis of the laser polarization plane are mainly distributed in the second and fourth quadrants. Moreover, we demonstrate that the Coulomb repulsion interaction plays a decisive role to the above results.By back analyzing the classical trajectories of NSDI, we find that there are two kinds of recollision trajectories mainly contribute to NSDI, and the different microscopic dynamics for the two kinds of trajectories are clearly explored.     

强激光场下原子超快动力学过程中的能量交换

利用三维经典系综模型,研究了整个系综两电子(Ar原子为例)从激光场吸收的能量对激光参数(波长、激光强度和椭偏率)的依赖关系.结果显示,当激光强度固定,波长增加时,整个系综两电子从激光场吸收的能量整体呈上升趋势,但不同强度下趋势略有差异.在较低强度时整个系综两电子从激光场吸收的能量对波长的依赖关系呈现持续平稳增加的趋势,在较高强度时呈现先缓慢减小再快速增大的趋势.对强度的依赖关系在不同波长时呈现两个有趣的交叉点.对椭偏率的依赖关系在较低强度时呈现先逐渐减小再缓慢增大的趋势;在中等强度时呈现一个“阶梯型”即先缓慢增大再逐渐减小最后缓慢增大;在更高强度时呈现先逐渐增大再逐渐减小的趋势.为了解释整个系综两电子从激光场吸收的能量对激光参数的依赖关系,把整个系综的动力学过程分为双电离、单电离、受挫单电离和受挫双电离4种通道.然后分析各个通道的特征及其如何主导整个系综两电子从激光场吸收的能量的变化趋势.分析结果表明,整个系综两电子从激光场吸收的能量对波长、激光强度和椭偏率的依赖均是由于某种通道主导整个系综两电子从激光场吸收的能量的结果.     

椭圆偏振激光脉冲驱动的氩原子非次序双电离

利用经典系综模型研究了椭圆偏振激光脉冲驱动的氩原子非次序双电离.计算结果表明,非次序双电离产率随着椭偏率的增大而减小;双电离得到的电子对在激光偏振平面长轴方向的末态关联动量谱呈现正关联,在激光偏振平面短轴方向的末态关联动量谱呈现反关联;Ar²⁺在激光偏振平面短轴方向的末态动量谱呈现单峰结构,并且随着椭偏率增大而变宽.轨迹分析显示,椭圆偏振激光脉冲驱动下,非次序双电离仍然是通过再碰撞而发生;随着椭偏率的增大,有效碰撞和单电离之间的时间延迟增加,这是因为椭偏率较大时第一个电子需要经过多次往返才能与母核离子发生有效碰撞.     

Electron correlations in nonsequential double ionization of argon atoms by elliptically polarized laser pulses

Using a classical ensemble model, we investigate the correlation behaviour of electrons originating from nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of argon atoms by the elliptically polarized laser pulses. Because of the ellipticity, not only the first electron to return but also the later return of tunneled electrons contribute significantly to NSDI. We mainly discuss two kinds of events of NSDI originating from the first and the second return separately. For the NSDI resulting from the recollision of the first return, the correlated electron momentum spectrum along the long axis of the laser polarization plane reveals an obvious V-like shape, located at the first and third quadrant. However, for the NSDI resulting from the recollision of the second return, the momenta of two electrons are distributed in the four quadrants uniformly. By analysing the trajectories of these two kinds, we find that the recollision energy and the laser phase at recollision are different for the first and second returning trajectories, which are responsible for the difference in the correlated behavior of the final electron momentum.