具有热致形状记忆功能的热塑性多嵌段聚氨酯

以ＰＣＬ为软段、ＴＤＩ－ＢＤＯ为硬段，采用溶液聚合的方法合成了具有形状记忆功能的线性多嵌段聚氨酯．利用ＤＳＣ、ＤＭＴＡ、ＷＡＸＤ等测试手段对体系的结晶性、微相分离行为进行了研究．结果发现：聚氨酯中硬段的存在对软段的结晶有着很大的影响，当软段序列的平均分子量达到３０００以上时，软段才可以很好地结晶；并且，硬段含量也必须高于一定值才能形成较为完善的物理交联点．符合这些条件的试样能显示很好的形状记忆特征．此外还就拉伸比、多次形变以及组成等对材料的形状回复性能的影响进行了详细的研究．     

SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT OF SLIGHTLY-CROSSLINKED POLYETHYLENE

A series of slightly crosslinked polyethylenes (SXLPE) was prepared by aone-step method using dicumyl peroxide as crosslinking agent in a Haake Mixer. The gelcontents G (Soxhlet extracted) of the samples are in the range from 5% to 20% by weight.Their shear viscosity, crystallization and melting behavior, dynamic mechanical propertiesand shape recovery effect were systematically investigated in terms of the content of thecrosslinking agent. It shows that under certain experimental conditions the SXLPE's mayexhibit good shape fixation ability and shape memory properties, which are similar to thoseof the commercially available shape memory polyethylenes prepared by gamma-irradiationtechnique. However the shape memory behavior of these samples is not very stable due totheir low crosslinking degree, or gel content. Thus their application is limited in specialcases with fast strain fixing procedures.     

非晶态聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯膜应力屈服机制的示差扫描量热研究

采用示差扫描量热法、应力应变测量研究了物理老化对非晶态聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）膜单轴拉伸过程中应力屈服行为的影响．结果表明，非晶高聚物经物理老化后屈服应力，应力屈服峰及热焓吸热峰均增大；屈服前后的ＤＳＣ结果表明，经过屈服点后试样热焓吸热峰消失，屈服后的试样经物理老化后，应力屈服峰又再现．从凝聚缠结的观点解释了非晶高聚物物理老化和应力屈服的本质．