北美第37届热分析会议综述

北美第37届热分析会议是由北美热分析学会(North American Thermal Analysis Society)组织,美国德克萨斯技术学院(Texas Tech. University)承办,在美国Lubbock市举行,共计5天(2009.09.19～23). 参加会议的热分析专家来自美国,英国,德国,日本,加拿大,瑞士,中国等十几个国家,会议代表有热分析理论,实验,应用和仪器制造方面的学术权威,教授,专家,学生约500余人,发表论文300余篇.     

An Exact Evolution Equation of the Curvature Perturbation for Closed Universe

As is well known, the exact evolution equation of the curvature perturbation plays a very important role in investigation of the inflaorresponding exacttion power spectrum of the flat universe. However, the c extension for the non-flat universes has not yet been given clearly. Interest in the non-flat, specially closed, universes has been aroused recently. The need for this extension is pressing. We start with the most elementary physical consideration and obtain finally this exact evolution equation of the curvature perturbation for the non-flat universes, as well as the evolutionary controlling parameter and the exact expression of the variable mass in this equation. We approximately perform a primitive and immature analysis on the power spectrum of non-flat universes. This analysis shows that the exact evolution equation of the curvature perturbation for the non-flat universes is very complicated, and we need to carry out many numerical and analytic works for this new equation in the future to judge whether the universe is fiat or closed by comparison of theories with observations.     

非等温反应过程中新的动力学方程

对于非等温过程中的动力学方程，正确的Arrhenius方程的温度积分应该是从T₂到T₁，但是许多动力学方程中的温度积分是从T到0 K，例如Ozawa等方程。我们的研究指出对于某些反应，这些方程中的活化能存在较大的误差，因此我们提出了一个新的动力学方程。凭借等转化率法，应用新的方程可以精确求解线性或非线性加热过程中化学反应的活化能。用新方程对2个经典反应（聚酰胺的热裂解和一水草酸钙的热分解）的研究表明：Ozawa方程的活化能有时是精确的，有时偏差太大。