荧光光谱法辨别丙二醇和二甘醇

以齐药二厂的假药事件为背景,对1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇和二甘醇的吸收光谱和荧光光谱进行了测量,实验结果证明光谱法不失为一种快捷有效的区分手段.在紫外吸收光谱中,可以通过最大吸光度的差异区分二甘醇和丙二醇;在一定紫外波长激励下,三种醇的荧光光谱特性均存在差异,以此可以对三种醇作出有效区分;在230nm激发下,将二甘醇和两种丙二醇分别混合,混合溶液的相对荧光强度均与两种丙二醇体积比呈线性反比关系,这在一定程度上证明了二甘醇的荧光量子效率大于两种丙二醇.     

Dynamics of scalar fields in an expanding/contracting cosmos at finite temperature

This study extends the investigation of quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field by taking into account cosmic expansion and contraction.Cheung,Drewes,Kang,and Kim calculated the effective action and quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field in a recent work,where analytical expressions for the effective potential and damping coefficient were presented using a simple scalar model with quartic interactions,and the work was conducted using Minkowski-space propagators in loop diagrams.In this work,we incorporate the Hubble expansion and contraction of the cosmic background and focus on the thermal dynamics of a scalar field in a regime where the effective potential changes slowly.Given that the Hubble parameter,H,attains a small but non-zero value,we carry out calculations to the first order in H.If we set H=0,all results match those in flat spacetime.Interestingly,we must integrate over the resonances,which in turn leads to an amplification of the effects of a non-zero H.This is an intriguing phenomenon,which cannot be uncovered in flat spacetime.The implications on particle creations in the early universe will be studied in a forthcoming study.     

多四旋翼无人机分布式固定时间自适应编队控制

针对具有外部扰动和参数不确定性的多四旋翼无人机,提出了基于指令滤波反步方法的分布式固定时间自适应编队控制算法.通过引入固定时间指令滤波及构建非光滑误差补偿机制,有效地避免了“复杂性爆炸”问题并在固定时间内移除了滤波误差的影响.此外,通过设计分段函数,巧妙地解决了分布式控制器中存在的奇异性问题.利用固定时间稳定性理论,严格证明了闭环系统是实际固定时间稳定的,且闭环系统中所有信号有界,同时编队跟踪误差在固定时间内收敛到原点附近充分小的邻域内.最后,仿真算例验证了所提出的分布式固定时间控制策略的有效性.     

Structural and electrical properties of carbon-ion-implanted ultrananocrystalline diamond films

We investigate the structural and electrical properties of carbon-ion-implanted ultrananocrystalline diamond(UNCD)films. Impedance spectroscopy measurements show that the impedance of diamond grains is relatively stable, while that of grain boundaries(GBs)(R_b) significantly increases after the C~+ implantation, and decreases with the increase in the annealing temperature(T_a) from 650℃ to 1000℃. This implies that the C~+ implantation has a more significant impact on the conductivity of GBs. Conductive atomic force microscopy demonstrates that the number of conductive sites increases in GB regions at T_a above 900℃, owing to the formation of a nanographitic phase confirmed by high-resolution transmission electronic microscopy. Visible-light Raman spectra show that resistive trans-polyacetylene oligomers desorb from GBs at T_a above 900℃, which leads to lower R_b of samples annealed at 900 and 1000℃. With the increase in T_a to 1000℃, diamond grains become smaller with longer GBs modified by a more ordered nanographitic phase, supplying more conductive sites and leading to a lower R_b.     

大气环境质量评价的灰色模型

大气环境是一个包含未知信息的灰色系统，根据其灰色性．运用灰色系统理论可以克服目前一些环境质量评价方法（综合指数法、概率统计法、模糊综合评判法）的局限性，使评价结果更为科学和客观。     

氮杂金属冠醚的研究进展

氮杂金属冠醚(Azametallacrown,azaMC)以M-N-N为重复单元,主要由五齿的N-酰基酰肼阴离子配体与金属盐通过自组装而成,包括aza18-MC-6、aza24-MC-8、aza30-MC-10、aza36-MC-12、aza45-MC-15、aza60-MC-20等类型。它们不仅呈现出独特的物理性能和生物活性,而且还能作为“第二构筑单元（Second Building Units,SBUs）”构筑一系列金属冠醚配位聚合物。本文对氮杂金属冠醚的结构特征、分类及性质等进行综述。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定土壤中的碘

通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定土壤中的碘。样品预处理采用艾斯卡试剂熔融、热水提取和阳离子树脂静态交换,试验加入了不同剂量的阳离子交换树脂在不同程度上降低了溶液中Na+ 和Zn2+^{等阳离子的盐效应干扰。研究了乙醇在}ICP-MS中对碘元素的增强效应,用3%的氨水溶液清洗进样系统,有效减少的碘的记忆效应和清洗时间。该方法线性范围宽,方法灵敏度高,检出限低,试剂用量少,环境友好。对苏州及周边区域若干非污染土壤点位进行采样、制备和测试,碘平均含量为2.7μg.g_-1^;同步测试国家有证标准物质,精密度和准确度良好。     

白色念珠菌N-肉豆蔻酰基转移酶中药物结合位点的MCSS分析

采用多拷贝同时搜寻方法(MCSS)分析得到了CaNMT活性位点的疏水区域、氢键结合位点和负电性区域. MCSS计算结果显示, CaNMT活性位点有两个疏水性比较强的区域: 一个由Tyr107, Tyr109, Val108, Phe117, Phe123, Ala127, Phe176和Leu337等残基组成; 另一个由Phe115, Phe240和Phe339组成. CaNMT活性位点发现有两个氢键作用区域, 其中Tyr119, His227, Asn392和Leu451是与已有抑制剂的氢键结合位点, Tyr107, Asn175, Thr211和Asp412是新发现的氢键结合位点, 而且在NMT家族中高度稳定, 它们对设计新结构类型的CaNMT抑制剂具有重要作用. Leu451是负电性兼氢键作用位点, 是抑制剂设计时所必需考虑的位点.     

流动注射光度法快速测定海水中的COD_(Mn)

采用流动注射光度法对海水化学需氧量(CODMn,高锰酸盐指数)进行快速测定。实验以KMnO4作氧化剂,淀粉-KI作显色剂,葡萄糖作标准物质;对流动注射分析流路进行了设计,优化了反应圈长度、反应温度、反应物浓度、进样量、泵速等实验条件;并通过自动加热装置对反应器进行在线加热;在最优条件下,测定方法的线性范围为0~6mg·L-1(实际需氧量),最低检出限为0.13mg·L-1,实际海水测定时加标回收率在96%~104%范围内,对1mg·L-1的COD标准溶液进行了11次连续测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.88%。该方法操作简单、方便、灵敏度高,用于海水实际样品分析时,其测定值与国标法测定值一致。     

GM(1,1)模型的理论缺陷及其基于时间响应函数的优化分析

分析了GM(1,1)预测模型存在的理论缺陷和禁区,指出在形成预测模型时规定X^(1)(1)为已知条件是不合理的,应根据实际情况选用其他数据.构建了基于时间响应函数的优化模型,按照变化系数阀值,界定了优化模型的有效区.经过数值模拟,发现优化的GM(1,1)模型优于传统GM(1,1)模型,因此,提出的新的优化模型,为提高GM(1,1)模型预测精度提供了新的途径.