BIODEGRADATION OF REGENERATED CELLULOSE FILMS BY FUNGI

The biodegradability of Aspergillus niger (A. niger), Mucor (M-305) and Trichoderma(T-311) strains on regenerated cellulose films in media was investigated. The results showedthat T-311 strain isolated from soil adhered on the cellulose film fragments has strongerdegradation effect on the cellulose film than A. niger strain. The weights, molecular weightsand tensile strengths of the cellulose films in both shake culture and solid media decreasedwith incubation time, accompanied by producing CO_2 and saccharides. HPLC, IR and re-leased CO_2 analysis indicated that the biodegradation products of the regenerated cellulosefilms mainly contain oligosaccharides, cellobiose, glucose, arabinose, erythrose, glycerose,glycerol, ethanal, formaldehyde and organic acid, the end products were CO_2 and water.After a month, the films were completely decomposed by fungi in the media at 30℃.     

模拟污水中氮、磷对水稻幼苗过氧化氢酶和乙醇酸氧化酶的影响

以水稻为材料，研究了不同浓度的模拟污水中Ｎ、Ｐ对幼苗过氧化氢酶（Ｃａｔａｌａｓｅ，ＣＡＴ，ＥＣ１．１１．１．６）、乙醇酸氧化酶（Ｇｌｅｃｏｌａｔｅｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＧＯ，ＥＣ１．３．３．１）、过氧化物酶（Ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＰＯＤ，ＥＣ１．１１．１．７）和叶绿素含量的影响．结果表明：低浓度Ｎ、Ｐ（分别；在０～４．２８ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１、０～０．２ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１范围）可诱导ＣＡＴ活性增大，而后下降，Ｎ、Ｐ浓度分别超过８．５６ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１和０．４ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１后，活性又升高；ＰＯＤ的活性变化与ＣＡＴ变化很相似．Ｎ、Ｐ浓度分别在０～６．４２ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１、０～０．３ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１范围，ＧＯ活性随Ｎ、Ｐ浓度增高而活性下降，超过６．４２ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１、０．３ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１后，则随Ｎ、Ｐ浓度增大而增大．这可能是高浓度Ｎ、Ｐ可提高水稻的光呼吸的结果．另外，污水中Ｎ、Ｐ抑制叶绿素的合成，使叶绿素的含量降低；低浓度污水Ｎ、Ｐ促进根生长，高浓度Ｎ、Ｐ抑制根生长     

改性塑制餐盒的好氧真菌降解及可堆肥性

采用好氧真菌降解和受控堆肥化试验分别测试了 3种改性塑制餐盒的生物降解性及可堆肥性 .试验结果显示 ,聚苯乙烯 -淀粉共混餐盒的生物降解性与其淀粉添加量密切相关 ,并且餐盒中淀粉的生物降解率随其添加量的减少而降低 .热塑性淀粉餐盒易于生物降解 ,其生物降解率可达 6 7.0 % .这种餐盒具有良好的可堆肥性 ,经堆肥化处理后能被完全消纳 .