对合的分解

Using the notion of biconnected sum we define the biconnected sum (T₁, M₁)§(T₂,M₂) of two involutions (T1M1) and (T2,M2) which is an involution on the biconnected sum M₁,§M₂. A connected involution is said to be reducible if it can be expressed as a biconnected sum of two connected involutions.Theorem Each connected involution (T, M) can be decomposed into a bi-connected sum of connected irreducible involutions (T, M)=(T₁, M₁)§…§(T_q,M_q),and (?) where the coefficients of H_{n_1}(M) are in Z/2 Z if M is unoriented, in Z if is oriented .     

土贝母化学成分的研究 Ⅲ.土贝母苷甲的结构

从葫芦科植物假贝母(Bolbostemma paniculatum[Maxim] Franquet)的鳞茎中分得五个苷类化合物:土贝母苷甲(1)、乙、丙、丁和戊.通过对1及其各选择性水解产物的 NMR 分析确定了它的结构,为一新的三萜皂苷.     

聚合反应的立体化学

聚合反應中的立體化學問題,近年來由Ziegler的合成結晶性的聚乙烯開始,Natta的合成結晶性聚苯乙烯,聚丙烯及在美國進行的製備全順式聚異戊二烯,顯示出很快的進展,這個問題被認為在今後工業上、理論上都是非常重要的研究對象。 由具有取代基的乙烯類單體的聚合所得到聚合物中的不對稱碳原子雖然在以前已經注意到,但由於這些不對稱碳原子排列的不規則,是使聚苯乙烯,聚丙烯等只能得到非結晶性聚合物的原因。對於游離基型的聚合,曾進行過認為採用適當的方法,以使不對稱碳原子的排列有一定     

Molecular Recognition of Bases and Nucleosides by Mono－substituted Mononuclear Complexes of 1,4,7,10－Tetraaza－cyclododecane

The mononuclear macrocyclic polyamine metal complexes 5a-5e have been shown to form stable 1 : 1 complexes with bases and nucleosides. Their binding constants (K) were determined by UV-visible spectrometric titration. The results show that recognition ability of the complexes 5a--5e for uracil, U (Uridine), dT (Thymidine) is higher than that for the other bases or nucleosides (such as Cytidine, Guanosine, Adenosine). The metal ion also plays an important role for the recognition ability of complexes.     

邻苯二酚与乙醇单醚化反应用固体酸催化剂表面上的积炭行为

 研究了邻苯二酚与乙醇气固相单醚化反应用固体酸催化剂表面上的积炭行为，并用TG－DTA，BET，GC－MS，FT－IR和元素分析等手段对积炭物种进行了表征．结果表明，催化剂上有两种类型的积炭，一类属可溶性积炭，主要由二苯醚及其衍生物组成，可在低温燃烧除去；另一类属不可溶性积炭，主要为缺氢的芳烃类聚合物或类石墨碳，需在高温下才能烧除．积炭主要发生在4～8nm范围的中孔内，导致反应后的催化剂大孔范围的孔分布所占的分数增大．随着反应的进行，总积炭量逐渐增多．     

无藻满江红(Anabena-free Azolla)和满江红鱼腥藻(Anabaena azollae)重建共生体

切除满江红大孢子果顶端漏斗状膜和囊群盖,可彻底清除大孢子果内所含的鱼腥藻,并发育成无藻满江红。移植囊群盖于种内或种间去顶孢子果,成功地得到了重组的共生体。“新组合满江红”经扫描电子显微镜观察、固氮酶活性测定和体内鱼腥藻单克隆抗体鉴定,得以证实。其重建机率为10％。接种人工培养的鱼腥藻于无藻满江红上,发现有不完全共生现象存在。本文对萍藻交换的条件及其在满江红研究和应用前景,做了简要的讨论。     

加速溶剂萃取-凝胶色谱净化-气质联用测定土壤中15种有机氯农药残留的方法研究

建立了加速溶剂萃取-凝胶色谱净化-气质联用同时测定土壤中15种有机氯农药的分析方法。优化了凝胶色谱(GPC)净化的条件,比较了凝胶色谱净化及浓硫酸净化法对15种有机氯回收率的影响。结果表明,采用GPC净化能够有效避免浓硫酸净化对氯丹、异狄氏剂、硫丹、甲氧滴滴涕等农药回收率的影响,GPC净化的最佳收集时间为10~15 min,15种有机氯农药的回收率为56%~122%。15种有机氯农药在0.03~6.0 mg/L范围内具有较好的线性,相关系数达0.999以上,方法的检出限为0.1~5.0μg/kg,定量下限为0.4~16.0μg/kg。采用该方法对实际样品进行加标回收率实验,土壤样品的加标回收率为68%~122%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~5.9%。该方法简单、快捷、灵敏度高,已用于实际土壤样品的检测。     

一类由一维概率密度函数构造多维概率密度函数的方法

将文献[1]给出的由一维连续型随机变量的概率密度函数构造二维连续型随机变量的概率密度函数的方法,推广为由一维连续型随机变量的概率密度函数构造三维连续型随机变量的概率密度函数的情况,并作出了证明和举例说明.说明利用本文的方法构造多维概率密度函数,其方法简单易行.     

Preparation of Cu（In,Ga）Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells by Selenization of Metallic Precursors in an Ar Atmosphere

Cu（In, Ga）Se2 thin films are deposited on Mo-coated glass substrates by Se vapour selenization of sputtered metallic precursors in the atmosphere of Ar gas flow under a pressure of about 10 Pa. The in situ heat treatment of as-grown precursor leads to the formation of a better alloy. During selenization, the growth of CuInSe2 phase preferably proceeds through Se-poor phases as CuSe and InSe at relatively low substrate temperature of 250℃, due to the absence of In2Se3 at intermediate stage at low reactor pressure. Subsequently, the Cu（In,Ga）Se2 phase is produced by the reactive diffusion of CuInSe2 with a Se-poor GaSe phase at high temperature of up to 560℃. The final film exhibits smooth surface and large grain size. The absorber is used to fabricate a glass/Mo/Cu（In, Ga）Se2/CdS/ZnO cell with the total-area efficiency of about 7%. The low open-circuit voltage value of the cell fabricated should result from the nonuniform distribution of In and Ga in the absorber, due to the diffusion-controlled reaction during the phase formation. The films, as well as devices, are characterized.