Mitigation of signal quality degradation induced by PMD using synchronous modulation

In-line synchronous modulation as a way of mitigating the signal quality degradation induced by polar ization mode dispersion(PMD)was experimentally studied using 10-Gb/s return to zero signal.Bit error rate of the degraded signal and the synchronously modulated signal under the differential group delay(DGD)values of 10,20,34,and 70 ps was measured and compared.The experimental results showed that in-line synchronous modulation is useful to mitigate the signal quality degeneration induced by PMD.1-dB power penalty reduction was obtained even when the PMD was as high as 70％ of the bit interval.The limitation of method is also discussed.     

催化剂对东都风化煤硝酸氧解及其产物特性的影响

对东都风化煤进行硝酸氧解,利用元素分析与红外光谱分析研究产物硝基腐植酸（NHA）的结构和性质,讨论硝酸氧解中催化剂对硝基腐植酸的产率、元素组成和官能团的影响。结果表明,浓硫酸、过氧化氢、碳纳米管负载过渡金属和固体酸催化剂都能显著提高煤氧解NHA的产率,产物C、H的质量分数和H/C原子比降低,氮的质量分数增加,E4/E6增加。固体酸与浓硫酸对提高产物氮的质量分数更明显,镀镍碳纳米管（CNTs）负载三氧化二铁、碳纳米管负载镍和浓硫酸作为催化剂得到腐植酸分子更小。催化剂存在下产物活性官能团增加更多,不同催化剂对产物有不同的影响。     

Mitigation of signal quality degradation induced by PMD using synchronous modulation

In-line synchronous modulation as a way of mitigating the signal quality degradation induced by polarization mode dispersion (PMD) was experimentally studied using 10-Gb/s return to zero signal. Bit error rate of the degraded signal and the synchronously modulated signal under the differential group delay (DGD) values of 10, 20, 34, and 70 ps was measured and compared. The experimental results showed that in-line synchronous modulation is useful to mitigate the signal quality degeneration induced by PMD. 1-dB power penalty reduction was obtained even when the PMD was as high as 70% of the bit interval. The limitation of method is also discussed.     

一种可编程PMD模拟器

为了研究光纤通信中的偏振模色散(PMD)及其对高速光通信系统的影响和补偿技术,研制了一种可编程控制的PMD模拟器,它由6组双折射晶体和磁光晶体组成,群时延差(DGD)变化范围为±(0.3~35) ps,可设为不同平均值的Maxwell统计分布随机变化,也可以设为其它要求的数学分布.实验证明,该模拟器测量值与理论符合得很好,且具有较高的重复性和稳定性,响应时间小于1 ms.这种模拟器可用于10 Gb/s和40 Gb/s光传输系统PMD问题的研究.