Simulation optimization for train movement on a single-track railway

Optimizing train movement has a great significance for railway traffic. In this paper, based on the optimal velocity car-following model, we propose a new simulation model for optimizing train movement in railway traffic. Here a kind of single-track railway is considered. Our aim is to reduce the energy consumption of train movement and ensure the train being on time by controlling the velocity curve of train movement. The simulation results indicate that the proposed model is effective for optimizing train movement. In addition, some major characteristics of train movement can be well captured. This method provides a new way to optimize train movement in railway traffic.     

Simulating train movement in an urban railway based on an improved car-following model

Based on the optimal velocity car-following model, in this paper, we propose an improved model for simulating train movement in an urban railway in which the regenerative energy of a train is considered. Here a new additional term is introduced into a traditional car-following model. Our aim is to analyze and discuss the dynamic characteristics of the train movement when the regenerative energy is utilized by the electric locomotive. The simulation results indicate that the improved car-following model is suitable for simulating the train movement. Further, some qualitative relationships between regenerative energy and dynamic characteristics of a train are investigated, such as the measurement data of regenerative energy presents a power-law distribution. Our results are useful for optimizing the design and plan of urban railway systems.     

新型“开式”环金属铱配合物次氯酸盐荧光探针的合成与应用

设计合成了一种新型灵敏的荧光化学探针［Ir（bzq）2（L1）］（PF6）（bzq = 苯并喹啉,L1 = 4''-甲基-2,2''-联吡啶-4-甲醛肟）并进行了详细表征。将该配合物用于对次氯酸盐（ClO-）的荧光测定,发现加入ClO-后,探针溶液的荧光显著增强,在365 nm紫外灯下由暗棕色迅速转变为明亮的橙黄色,可能是配体L1中的肟作为反应位点被ClO-氧化为羧酸,抑制了非辐射衰变过程从而使探针发射出强荧光。在优化实验条件下,探针［Ir（bzq）2（L1）］（PF6）的荧光强度与ClO-浓度在0.1 ~ 210 μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为3.08 nmol/L。荧光探针对ClO-的选择性较好,其它可能的共存离子不干扰测定。采用该方法测定了当地河水中的次氯酸盐,加标回收率为92.4% ~ 103%,结果令人满意,表明该方法可用于实际样品中ClO-的测定。     

基于跟驰模型的列车运行优化控制模拟研究

列车运行的优化控制是降低运输成本,提高运输服务质量以及实现轨道交通可持续发展的重要方式.本文在传统优化速度跟驰模型的基础上,以能量节约为目标提出了一种改进的模拟模型,用以模拟分析城市轨道交通系统中列车运行的优化控制.所提出的模型是通过在经典的优化速度跟驰模型(见Phys.Rev.E 51 1035 Bando等,1995)中引入新的目标优化速度函数来实现在复杂限速条件下列车运行的优化控制.数值模拟则是以北京市地铁亦庄线为例,利用亦庄线实测数据开展研究.结果表明,所提出的模型能够很好地描述复杂限速条件下列车运行的动态特性,模拟测量得到的结果和亦庄线的实测数据较为符合,由此说明所提出模型的有效性.进一步,通过分析列车运行时空图,列车运行的速度变化及运行时间等,讨论了复杂环境下列车流的时空演化特性.