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Physical model of acoustic forward scattering by cylindrical shell and its experimental validation
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Research on the underwater target scattering can provide
important theoretical support for target detection. The scattering
model of cylindrical shell is established in this paper. It is found
that the forward target strength is much stronger and varies with
angles of incident wave less significantly than backward target
strength. The received forward signal strength fluctuates with the
target moving due to the interference between direct signal and
scattering signal, which is most significant when target approaches
the baseline. An experiment is carried out in an anechoic tank to
validate the scattering model. The method of acquisiting forward
scattering in the tank is proposed. The forward and the backward
target strengths are achieved by using the pulse compression
technology, and they are about 3dB less than the modeling results.
The forward scattering phenomena of quiescent and moving target are
measured, which are similar to modeling results with different
target types. 相似文献
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在水平非均匀分布的浅海环境中,针对移动声源跟踪时,声速剖面的变化会对声场产生影响,提出了一种利用集合卡尔曼滤波算法的声速剖面跟踪反演和移动声源跟踪定位的方法。首先,将声速剖面进行距离和深度的参数化表示,从而将对声速剖面的跟踪转化为对声速剖面前3阶经验正交函数系数的跟踪;其次,通过将声源状态信息和声速剖面信息表示为状态变量,而将垂直线列阵接收到的声场信息作为测量值建立状态-测量模型,然后利用集合卡尔曼滤波方法对模型状态变量进行跟踪。仿真结果得出:声速剖面跟踪反演的均方根误差和移动声源跟踪定位的绝对误差都非常小,对声源的跟踪定位精度很高。并且通过增加集合样本数、增加接收信号信噪比以及增加接收阵元数目都可以提高跟踪定位结果精度。最后,利用东海实验数据对本方法进行了验证。 相似文献
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分析了弹性区域中应力传播的波动方程,说明该应力传播过程可以使用线性系统模型进行描述。根据系统辨识领域的脉冲响应方法,建立了应力测点的脉冲序列与源函数和响应序列之间的关系。在此基础上,建立了各测点间应力序列之间的关联响应模型,给出了采用神经网络的自适应优化方法求解关联参数的方法,并采用某次黄土介质中化学爆炸的实验数据进行了验证。将该模型用于测点数据的预测,预测值和实测值之间的误差很小。这表明,各测点间存在与测量数据无关的客观联系,仅由实验中爆炸源、测点位置和地介质力学参数分布等所决定。 相似文献
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An acoustic vector sensor can measure the components of particle velocity and the acoustic pressure at the same point simultaneously, which provides a larger array gain against the ambient noise and a higher angular resolution than the omnidirectional pressure sensor. This paper presents an experimental study of array gain for a conformal acoustic vector sensor array in a practical environment. First, the manifold vector is calculated using the real measured data so that the effects of array mismatches can be minimized. Second, an optimal beamformer with a specific spatial response on the basis of the stable directivity of the ambient noise is designed, which can effectively suppress the ambient noise.Experimental results show that this beamformer for the conformal acoustic vector sensor array provides good signal-tonoise ratio enhancement and is more advantageous than the delay-and-sum and minimum variance distortionless response beamformers. 相似文献
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针对标准Capon波束形成器旁瓣级高以及期望信号方向存在误差时,性能会严重下降的问题,提出一种基于噪声及干扰空间谱加权的稀疏约束Capon波束形成方法。该方法利用波束响应本身具有的稀疏特性,以及在稀疏重构算法中l1范数具有抑制较大值保护较小值的特性,使用噪声及干扰的空间谱对不同角度的波束响应进行加权,然后施以稀疏约束。仿真、水池试验与湖上试验中,与其它几种方法比较表明该方法可以降低波束形成器的旁瓣级,获得较深的零陷,提高了阵列输出信干噪比与抗导向向量误差的能力。 相似文献
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针对实际复杂海洋环境条件下的目标方位估计性能变差的问题,提出了一种基于实部消除技术的目标方位估计方法。首先将噪声场分解为对称噪声部分和非对称噪声部分。然后利用协方差矩阵虚部,采用延迟求和波束形成方法获得目标方位估计,但是同时产生了对称的虚假目标。最后基于功率估计重构协方差矩阵实部,并与虚部组成新的协方差矩阵,利用新的协方差矩阵做目标方位估计,消除了虚假目标的影响。理论分析与湖试数据处理结果表明:该方法明显抑制了噪声,提高了目标方位估计的性能。实部消除技术易于实现,有较强的工程应用价值。 相似文献
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