On weak bases

In this paper, we give an affirmative answer to Tanaka's question: Is a space X with a σ-hereditarily closure-preserving weak base g-metrizable? [Proc. Aroc. Amer. Math. Soc. 112 (1991) 283] and a negative answer to S. Lin's question: Is every weak base of a topological space a k-network? [S. Lin, Generalized Metric Spaces and Maps, Science Press, 1995, Problem 1.6.20]. We also discuss mapping theorems on weak bases and the product of weak bases.     

Preinjective modules over pure semisimple rings

For a left pure semisimple ring R, it is shown that the local duality establishes a bijection between the preinjective left R-modules and the preprojective right R-modules, and any preinjective left R-module is the source of a left almost split morphism. Moreover, if there are no nonzero homomorphisms from preinjective modules to non-preinjective indecomposable modules in R-mod, the direct sum of all non-preinjective indecomposable direct summands of products of preinjective left R-modules is a finitely generated product-complete module. This generalizes a recent theorem of Angeleri Hügel [L. Angeleri Hügel, A key module over pure-semisimple hereditary rings, J. Algebra 307 (2007) 361-376] for hereditary rings.     

Breaking a modified substitution–diffusion image cipher based on chaotic standard and logistic maps

Recently, an image encryption scheme based on chaotic standard and logistic maps was proposed by Patidar et al. It was later reported by Rhouma et al. that an equivalent secret key can be reconstructed with only one known/chosen-plaintext and the corresponding ciphertext. Patidar et al. soon modified the original scheme and claimed that the modified scheme is secure against Rhouma et al.’s attack. In this paper, we point out that the modified scheme is still insecure against the same known/chosen-plaintext attack. In addition, some other security defects existing in both the original and the modified schemes are also reported.     

Study of the ν3 and 2ν3 ← ν3 bands of 12CH3F by infrared laser sideband and submillimeter-wave spectroscopy

An infrared laser sideband spectrometer operating in the CO₂ laser region with 8- to 18-GHz sidebands has been used to record 266 transitions in the ν₃ band and 84 transitions in the 2ν₃ ← ν₃ band of ¹²CH₃F. The accuracy of the measured frequencies is estimated to be 1–3 MHz. A millimeter/submillimeter-wave spectrometer has been used to record the spectra of 48 pure rotational transitions in the ground vibrational state and 55 transitions in the v₃ = 1 vibrational state with an accuracy of 20–90 kHz. The new measurements have been combined with previous radio frequency and infrared laser results to derive sets of constants for the ground, v₃ = 1, and v₃ = 2 states for this molecule. Tables of the vibrational dependence of the parameters and of the near coincidences of the ν₃ and 2ν₃ ← ν₃ band transitions with CO₂ laser frequencies are given.     

Group algebras in which complements are summands

It is shown that (1) every almost self-injective group algebra is self-injective and (2) if the group algebra KG is continuous, then G is a locally finite group. Furthermore, it follows that the following assertions are equivalent: a CS group algebra KG is continuous; KG is principally self-injective; the group G is locally finite. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 3–11, 2005.     

关于几乎拓扑群的注记

In this paper, we mainly discuss some generalized metric properties and the cardinal invariants of almost topological groups. We give a characterization for an almost topological group to be a topological group and show that:(1) Each almost topological group that is of countable π-character is submetrizable;(2) Each left λ-narrow almost topological group isλ-narrow;(3) Each separable almost topological group is ω-narrow. Some questions are posed.     

On the Countable Tightness of Product Spaces

In this paper, we discuss the countable tightness of products of spaces which are quotient simages of locally separable metric spaces, or k-spaces with a star-countable k-network. The main result is that the following conditions are equivalent： （1） b = ω1; （2） t（Sω×Sω1） 〉 ω; （3） For any pair （X, Y）, which are k-spaces with a point-countable k-network consisting of cosmic subspaces, t（X×Y）≤ω if and only if one of X, Y is first countable or both X, Y are locally cosmic spaces. Many results on the k-space property of products of spaces with certain k-networks could be deduced from the above theorem.     

Metrizability of paratopological (semitopological) groups

We investigate some generalized metric space properties on paratopological (semitopological) groups and prove that a paratopological group that is quasi-metrizable by a left continuous, left-invariant quasi-metric is a topological group and give a negative answer to Ravsky?s question (Ravsky, 2001 [18, Question 3.1]). It is also shown that an uncountable paratopological group that is a closed image of a separable, locally compact metric space is a topological group. Finally, we discuss Hausdorff compactification of paratopological (semitopological) groups, give an affirmative answer to Lin and Shen?s question (Lin and Shen, 2011 [14, Question 6.9]) and improve an Arhangel?skii and Choban?s theorem. Some questions are posed.     

S_ω×X的k空间性质及相关结果

本文讨论了特殊的度量空间Tω和Tω1在探讨具有点可数k网的k空间类中乘积性质与映射性质方面的作用．一方面,通过Tω分析了为解决1973年Michael提出的“k空间的乘积问题”而引入的三个空间类的相互关系;另一方面,利用Tω1研究了局部可分度量空间的闭映象的内在刻画．