Radially symmetric solutions of the p-Laplacian in perforated-like domain with nonlocal boundary condition

In this paper, we study the stability of solutions to a von Kármán system for Kirchhoff plate equations with a memory condition working at the boundary. We show that such dissipation is strong enough to produce exponential decay of the solution provided the relaxation functions also decay exponentially. When the relaxation functions decay polynomially, we show that the solution decays polynomially.     

Influence of the laser parameters on the space and time characteristics of an aluminum laser-induced plasma

In this work, an aluminum laser plasma produced in ambient air at atmospheric pressure by laser pulses at a fluence of 10 J/cm² is characterized by time- and space-resolved measurements of electron density and temperature. Varying the laser pulse duration from 6 ns to 80 fs and the laser wavelength from ultraviolet to infrared only slightly influences the plasma properties. The temperature exhibits a slight decrease both at the plasma edge and close to the target surface. The electron density is found to be spatially homogeneous in the ablation plume during the first microsecond. Finally, the plasma expansion is in good agreement with the Sedov's model during the first 500 ns and it becomes subsonic, with respect to the velocity of sound in air, typically 1 μs after the plasma creation. The physical interpretation of the experimental results is also discussed to the light of a one-dimensional fluid model which provides a good qualitative agreement with measurements.     

Studies on the thermodynamic properties of new ionic liquids: 1-Methyl-3-pentylimidazolium salts containing metal of group III

This paper reports that new ionic liquids (ILs) have been prepared by directly mixing the chloride of group III and 1-methyl-3-pentylimidazolium chloride (PMIC) with molar ratio 1/1 under dry argon atmosphere. The densities and surface tension of these ILs were determined at temperature range of 273.15 K to 343.15 ± 0.1 K. The properties for the ionic liquids were discussed by interstice model and Glasser’s theory.     

The Enhancement of Efficiency of High-order Harmonic in Intense Laser Field Based on Asymptotic Boundary Conditions and Symplectic Algorithm

Asymptotic boundary condition (ABC) of laser-atom interaction presented recently is applied to transform the initial value problem of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) in infinite space into the initial and boundary value problem in the finite space, and then the TDSE is discretized into linear canonical equations by substituting the symmetry difference quotient for the 2-order partial derivative. The canonical equation is solved by symplectic algorithm. The ground state and the equal weight coherent superposition of the ground state and the first excited state have been taken as the initial conditions, respectively, while we calculate the population of bound states, the evolution of average distance and the high-order harmonic generation (HHG). The conversion efficiency of HHG can be enhanced by initial coherent superposition state and moderate laser intensities     

N-Butyrylated Hyaluronic Acid Achieves Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vitro and in Adjuvant-Induced Immune Activation in Rats

Previously synthesized N-butyrylated hyaluronic acid (BHA) provides anti-inflammatory effects in rat models of acute gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia. However, the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Herein, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of BHA and the targeted signaling pathways were explored with LPS-induced RAW264.7 and an adjuvant-induced inflammation in a rat model. Results indicated that BHA inhibited the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, reduced ROS production and down-regulated JAK1-STAT1/3 signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7. In vivo, BHA alleviated paw and joint swelling, decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in paw tissues, suppressed gene expressions of p38 and p65, down-regulated the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and reduced protein levels of TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 in joint tissues of arthritis rats. This study demonstrated the pivotal role of BHA in anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, suggesting the potential clinical value of BHA in the prevention of inflammatory arthritis and is worthy for development as a new pharmacological treatment.     

Vibrational population distributions in infrared multiple-photon excitation probed by coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy

Coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy has been used as a probe for molecules pumped by high-intensity CO₂ laser radiation. Ozone, sulfur hexafluoride, and chloroethane have been investigated. The intensity of the ground-state CARS signal is decreased by IR multiphoton excitation, but signals at new vibrational origins do not appear. The observations on chloroethane are interpreted in terms of a rate-equation model for IRMPE, modified to take vibrational redistribution into account.     

Factorizable and meson-pole contributions to hyperon nonleptonic decays

All vacuum-insertion contributions to hyperon nonleptonic decays can be identified within the framework of current algebra. The contribution to the s-wave amplitude has been identified by Donoghue, Golowich, Holstein, and Ponce. His pointed out that the p-wave factorizable term for the penguin operator which is not normal-ordered emerges from the disconnected contributions to the baryon poles. This separable amplitude is shown to be equivalent to the K-meson pole in the normal-ordering representation. The inclusion of a kaon pole is thus mandatory in the normal ordering scheme, but is negligible if the weak hamiltonian is not normal-ordered.     

Auger and electron energy loss spectroscopic study of surfaces of iron-sulfur alloy,Fe7S8 and FeS2 cleaved in ultra high vacuum

The surfaces of an iron-210 at. ppm sulfur alloy, Fe₇S₈ and FeS₂ cleaved in an ultra high vacuum were studied by Auger (AES) and electron energy loss Spectroscopy (EELS). The S LVV Auger transition for the intergranular fracture plane of the alloy indicates that the sulfur is bonded to the surface as though it were adsorbed. The loss energies of the transition from valence to conduction bands for the surface are identical to those for the transgranular fracture planes. The trans- and intergranular fracture planes have very similar fine structure in the Fe MVV Auger transition profile. This indicates that the interaction between iron and sulfur is too weak to perturb the electronic structure at the fracture surface. The spectral features of the electron transitions having kinetic energies between approximately 40 and 50 eV are explained by a normal Fe MVV Auger transition and an autoionization process after excitation of Fe 3p electrons. The low spin ferrous ion in FeS₂ results in triplet peaks for the Fe MVV transition and doublet peaks for the autoionization event, but similar transitions for Fe₇S₈ exhibit singlet peak for each process.     

Global anomalies in Yang-Mills theories in higher dimensions

A general method is described for finding a class of fermion representations that can lead to Z₂ anomalies. These anomalies are shown to exist in arbitrary D = 4k dimensions. Examples are given.