低温氧等离子体处理对羊毛织物性能的影响

为了改善羊毛织物的毡缩、润湿等性能,采用低温氧等离子体对羊毛织物进行改性处理.通过单因素实验,综合评价羊毛织物处理前后的性能变化情况,分析了羊毛织物性能变化与等离子体处理时间、功率和压强变化之间的相互关系;利用原子力显微镜表征了处理前后羊毛纤维鳞片结构的变化情况.实验结果表明,利用低温氧等离子体对羊毛织物进行改性处理,可以获得较好的防毡缩效果,并能改善织物的润湿性能.有效控制处理条件,织物的断裂强力和伸长率不但不会减小,反而可以得到一定程度的增强.     

稀土氧化物溶胶对羊毛纤维的阻燃改性及其热降解

用稀土氧化物(La2O3,CeO2,Y2O3)溶胶对羊毛纤维进行阻燃处理,并采用氧指数、剩炭率、热分析等方法对处理前后的羊毛纤维的阻燃性能及热降解行为进行研究.实验证明:经处理后的羊毛纤维,剩炭率、氧指数升高,热降解温度提前,活化能改变,放热峰温度升高,阻燃性得到明显改善.依据阻燃羊毛的热降解行为的变化,对该体系处理羊毛的阻燃机理做了初步的探讨.     

高炉渣棉纤维在管道保温中的应用

高炉渣棉纤维是一种优良的保温材料,在建筑、管道保温中占据重要地位。主要介绍了高炉渣纤维用于管道保温的主要指标,分析了高炉渣纤维在国内外的应用现状,并指出了目前国内高炉渣纤维在管道保温应用中存在的主要问题。最后根据现代管道保温材料需求提出了矿棉管道保温材料的生产新技术,并预示了未来管道保温材料的市场前景及发展的新趋势。     

SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO四元矿渣棉体系的表面张力测定与模型预报

表面张力是矿物棉生产的重要参数,直接影响到配料和工艺参数的选择.通过实验测量并建立模型预报系统研究了以高炉渣为主要原料制备矿物棉时熔体的表面张力.首先测量了Si O2(40%~60%)-Al2O3(5%~20%)-Ca O(20%~30%)-Mg O(5%)四元系的表面张力,其值处于350~500 m N·m-1之间;然后结合文献报道的表面张力数据,利用人工神经网络技术建立了Si O2(35%~60%)-Al2O3(5%~20%)-Ca O(20%~45%)-Mg O(0~10%)四元渣系的表面张力预报模型.该模型对成分范围内的表面张力预报平均误差为9.32%,预报精度较高,可以预报矿物棉熔体成分范围内的表面张力.     

Study on Misplating Problems of Composed of Wool and Lycra Plated Knitted Fabrics

By a great deal of experiments,the misplating problemsof plated knitted fabrics composed of wool and Lycra arediscussed and analyzed.The factors affecting the mis-plating problems on manually operated flat knitting ma-chine include the construction and adjustment of a plat-ing feeder,wool yarn count,feeding tension,takedowntension and the ground fabric structures.Some usefulresults can be derived from these works.     

绵羊毛与山羊绒的鉴别

利用扫描电镜法测试分析66s的绵羊毛与一级除毛山羊绒，得到了以直径、表面鳞片高以及表面鳞片厚为指标的绵羊毛与山羊绒各自的频率分布，并计算出以这3个指标为判定依据的独立误判概率．在验证了3个指标为线性无关后，将3个独立误判概率相乘，从而大幅度降低了绵羊毛与山羊绒之间的误判概率．实验结果也证实了这一结论．     

毛精纺中织造质量的BP神经网络预报技术

为了建立毛精纺织造过程的实际预报模型，采用BP神经网络模型和企业所提供的数据，并给出了实验验证。实验结果表明织机效率精度可达95％以上；织疵预报平均精度可达90％，但部分精度低，故相关影响因子还需发掘并输入模型。     

成衣生产中毛纺织面料缸差及裁损问题的研究

分析了成衣生产过程中因毛纺织面料的缸差和裁损对裁剪工艺的影响，提出了处理面料的缸差及降低裁损的方法．同时指出，要做好从面料仓库到裁剪车间的衔接，以及从裁剪车间到缝制车间的衔接．为服装企业在生产过程中节省面料，加快工厂的生产周期，提高效率提供依据．     

Enhancing the hydrophobicity of the mineral wool through surface modification with organo-silane

Mineral wool materials are consistently preferred material to be used for building thermal insulation because of their low heat conductivity, making energy-efficient structures impossible to construct without highly insulating thermal envelopes. A mineral wool with a hydrophobic external surface could be used for several applications where hydrophobicity would be helpful. Organo-silanes are one of the most promising materials to impart hydrophobic character to varied surfaces to achieve performance properties such as dust-resistant coatings on building glass, solar panels with self-cleaning surfaces, biofouling resistant paints, self-cleaning car windshields etc. In this study, mineral wool was treated with methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to achieve hydrophobic surfaces.A Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer is used to confirm the successful deposition of organosilane/siloxane networks on glass wool fibre surfaces. The hydrophobicity of treated wool was assessed and quantified using a contact angle measurement. Contact angle measurement was used to quantify the hydrophobicity of treated wool. The thermal conductivity of treated mineral wool fiber was calculated using the portable Lee's disc method. To determine the thermal stability and crystallinity of the treated wool, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used, respectively. The treated mineral wool exhibited excellent thermal stability up to 800 °C, and wettability tests proved the treated surface highly hydrophobic, allowing water droplets to roll off with contact angles up to 134.9°. Surface modification reduced thermal conductivity by 20%, showing good thermal resistance. Here, we show easy and sustainable methods of treating mineral wool surfaces, which can serve as a thermal insulation option under humid conditions.     

Effect of the carbon dioxide modifier on the lipid composition of wool wax extracted from raw wool

Wool wax or lanolin is a unique substance secreted by sheep and forms a natural protective coating on wool fibres. It is widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. However, different systems of wool wax recovery from scouring liquour provide a dark impurified greasy product. This product has a lipid composition that differs from the wool wax present on wool fibres. The wool wax extraction method from raw wool with pressurised CO₂ and different modifiers at constant pressure and temperature was studied. Thin-layer chromatography coupled to an automated flame ionisation detection system (TLC/FID) was used to analyse the different lipid classes present in the collected extracts. Moreover, a detailed structural comparison of the cholesteryl esters and hydroxycholesteryl esters was carried out by means of sub-ambient pressure chromatography mass spectrometry in the electron impact and in the ammonia positive chemical ionisation modes. For comparison, qualitative and quantitative analyses of the lanolin extracted in Soxhlet with dichloromethane and commercial cosmetic lanolin were carried out. Differences in the quantity of wool wax extraction and in the lipid composition of different wool wax extracts were detected by changing the modifier polarity.